Previous Verse

Shloka 150

Kuberasaras-darśana (Bhīma beholds Kubera’s guarded lotus-lake) / कुबेरसरः-दर्शनम्

जैसे तपस्या, धर्म, इन्द्रिय-संयम और यज्ञानुष्ठानके द्वारा ब्राह्मण उत्तम लोकमें जाते हैं तथा जिस प्रकार वैश्य दान और आतिथ्यरूप धर्मोसे उत्तम गति प्राप्त कर लेते हैं, उसी प्रकार इस लोकमें निग्रह और अनुग्रहके यथोचित प्रयोगसे क्षत्रिय स्वर्गलोकमें जाता है। जिनके द्वारा दण्डनीतिका उचित रीतिसे प्रयोग किया जाता है, जो राग-द्वेषसे रहित, लोभशून्य तथा क्रोधहीन हैं; वे क्षत्रिय सत्पुरुषोंको प्राप्त होनेवाले लोकोंमें जाते हैं ।। इति श्रीमहाभारते वनपर्वणि तीर्थयात्रापर्वणि लोमशतीर्थयात्रायां हनुमद्धीमसेनसंवादे पज्चाशदधिकशततमो<ध्याय:

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yathā tapasā dharmeṇa indriya-saṃyamena yajñānuṣṭhānena ca brāhmaṇā uttamaṃ lokaṃ yānti, yathā ca vaiśyā dānena ātithya-rūpeṇa dharmeṇa uttamāṃ gatiṃ prāpnuvanti, tathā asmin loke nigraha-anugrahayoḥ yathocita-prayogena kṣatriyaḥ svarga-lokaṃ yāti | ye daṇḍa-nītiṃ yathā-vidhi samyak prayuñjate, ye rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ, lobha-śūnyāḥ krodha-hīnāś ca, te kṣatriyāḥ sat-puruṣāṇāṃ prāpyān lokān gacchanti ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—ดุจพราหมณ์ทั้งหลายบรรลุโลกอันประเสริฐด้วยตบะ ธรรมะ การสำรวมอินทรีย์ และการประกอบยัญพิธีโดยชอบ; และดุจไวศยะบรรลุคติอันยอดเยี่ยมด้วยทานและธรรมแห่งการต้อนรับแขก; ฉันใด กษัตริย์ก็ฉันนั้น ย่อมเข้าถึงสวรรค์ได้ในโลกนี้ด้วยการใช้ทั้งการข่มตนและการเกื้อกูลอย่างพอเหมาะ. ผู้ใดใช้ทัณฑนีติ (ศาสตร์แห่งการลงโทษและการปกครอง) อย่างถูกต้อง ปราศจากรักชัง ไร้โลภะ และไม่โกรธ—กษัตริย์เช่นนั้นย่อมไปสู่โลกที่สัตบุรุษทั้งหลายบรรลุ

yathājust as
yathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā
tapasāby austerity
tapasā:
Karana
TypeNoun
Roottapas
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
dharmeṇaby righteousness
dharmeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
indriya-saṃyamenaby restraint of the senses
indriya-saṃyamena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootindriya-saṃyama
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
yajñānuṣṭhānenaby performance of sacrifices
yajñānuṣṭhānena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootyajñānuṣṭhāna
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
brāhmaṇāḥBrahmins
brāhmaṇāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
uttama-lokein the highest world
uttama-loke:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootuttama-loka
Formmasculine, locative, singular
gacchantigo
gacchanti:
TypeVerb
Rootgam
Formpresent, third, plural, parasmaipada
tathāso/likewise
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
vaiśyāḥVaiśyas
vaiśyāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
dānenaby giving/charity
dānena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootdāna
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
ātithya-rūpeṇain the form of hospitality
ātithya-rūpeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootātithya-rūpa
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
dharmeṇaby dharma
dharmeṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
uttamāṃhighest
uttamāṃ:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
gatiṃdestination/state
gatiṃ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootgati
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
prāpnuvantiattain
prāpnuvanti:
TypeVerb
Rootāp
Formpresent, third, plural, parasmaipada
evaṃthus
evaṃ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevaṃ
asminin this
asmin:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
lokeworld
loke:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootloka
Formmasculine, locative, singular
nigraha-anugrahayoḥof restraint and favor
nigraha-anugrahayoḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootnigraha-anugraha
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
yathā-ucitaas is proper
yathā-ucita:
TypeAdjective
Rootyathā-ucita
Formneuter, accusative, singular
prayogenaby application/use
prayogena:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootprayoga
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
kṣatriyaḥa Kṣatriya
kṣatriyaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
svarga-lokaṃheaven-world
svarga-lokaṃ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga-loka
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
gacchatigoes
gacchati:
TypeVerb
Rootgam
Formpresent, third, singular, parasmaipada
yeṣāmof whom/whose
yeṣām:
TypePronoun
Rootyad
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
daṇḍa-nītiḥpolicy of punishment/royal discipline
daṇḍa-nītiḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa-nīti
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
yathā-vidhiaccording to rule
yathā-vidhi:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā-vidhi
prayujyateis applied/used
prayujyate:
TypeVerb
Rootyuj
Formpresent, third, singular, ātmanepada, passive
rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥfree from attachment and hatred
rāga-dveṣa-vivarjitāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootrāga-dveṣa-vivarjita
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
lobha-śūnyāḥdevoid of greed
lobha-śūnyāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootlobha-śūnya
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
krodha-hīnāḥwithout anger
krodha-hīnāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootkrodha-hīna
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
tethey
te:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottad
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
kṣatriyāḥKṣatriyas
kṣatriyāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
sat-puruṣāṇāmof good men
sat-puruṣāṇām:
TypeNoun
Rootsat-puruṣa
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
prāpyānattainable (to be attained)
prāpyān:
TypeAdjective
Rootprāpya
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
lokānworlds/realms
lokān:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootloka
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
gacchantigo/attain
gacchanti:
TypeVerb
Rootgam
Formpresent, third, plural, parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
brāhmaṇa
V
vaiśya
K
kṣatriya
S
svarga-loka
D
daṇḍa-nīti
S
sat-puruṣa

Educational Q&A

Each social role has its own dharma leading to spiritual merit: brāhmaṇas through austerity and ritual discipline, vaiśyas through charity and hospitality, and kṣatriyas through balanced governance—using restraint (nigraha) and benevolence (anugraha) appropriately, guided by daṇḍa-nīti and free from passion, hatred, greed, and anger.

In the context of the Vana Parva’s pilgrimage narrative and the Hanumān–Bhīmasena dialogue frame, Vaiśampāyana states a general ethical principle: the kṣatriya’s path to heaven is not mere force, but just rule—measured punishment and timely favor—grounded in inner self-mastery.