Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 69

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

चत्वारि राज्ञा तु महाबलेन वर्ज्यान्याहु: पण्डितस्तानि विद्यात्‌ । अल्पप्रज्जैः सह मन्त्र न कुर्या- न्न दीर्घसूत्र रभसैश्चारणैश्व,थोड़ी बुद्धिवाले, दीर्घसूत्री, जल्दबाज और स्तुति करनेवाले लोगोंके साथ गुप्त सलाह नहीं करनी चाहिये। ये चारों महाबली राजाके लिये त्यागनेयोग्य बताये गये हैं। विद्वान पुरुष ऐसे लोगोंको पहचान ले

catvāri rājñā tu mahābalena varjyāny āhuḥ paṇḍitas tāni vidyāt | alpaprajñaiḥ saha mantraṃ na kuryān na dīrghasūtraṃ rabhasaiś cāraṇaiś ca ||

วิฑูรกล่าวว่า—บัณฑิตทั้งหลายแนะนำว่า พระราชาผู้ทรงเดชควรหลีกเลี่ยงคนสี่จำพวก; ผู้มีปัญญาย่อมรู้จักจำแนกได้. ไม่พึงปรึกษาราชการลับกับคนปัญญาทึบ คนผัดวันประกันพรุ่ง คนหุนหันพลันแล่น และคนประจบสอพลอที่เลี้ยงชีพด้วยคำสรรเสริญ.

चत्वारिfour (things/person-types)
चत्वारि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
राज्ञाby the king
राज्ञा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महाबलेनby the mighty (one)
महाबलेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वर्ज्यानिto be avoided
वर्ज्यानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्ज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
आहुःthey say/declare
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, 3, Plural
पण्डितःa learned man
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तानिthose (four)
तानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विद्यात्should know/recognize
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormOptative, 3, Singular
अल्पप्रज्ञैःwith the small-minded/low-intellect (people)
अल्पप्रज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअल्पप्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहwith
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
मन्त्रंcounsel/secret consultation
मन्त्रं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कुर्यात्should do/undertake
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative, 3, Singular
nor/not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दीर्घसूत्रैःwith procrastinators/slow-acting people
दीर्घसूत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदीर्घसूत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
रभसैःwith rash/impetuous (people)
रभसैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरभस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चारणैःwith bards/panegyrists (flatterers)
चारणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootचारण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

Confidential policy-making requires discernment about advisers: avoid consulting those who lack understanding, delay decisions, act rashly, or flatter for advantage, because they undermine sound judgment and secrecy—both essential to righteous and effective kingship.

In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva, he instructs the ruler on practical ethics of governance, warning which types of associates a powerful king should keep away from private deliberations.