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Shloka 3

Kṣātra-Dharma, Daṇḍanīti, and Social Order

Indra–Māndhātṛ Dialogue

अप्रत्यक्ष बहुद्वारं धर्ममाश्रमवासिनाम्‌ । प्ररूपयन्ति तद्भावमागमैरेव शाश्वतम्‌,आश्रमवासियोंका सनातन धर्म अनेक द्वारवाला और अप्रत्यक्ष है, विद्वान्‌ पुरुष शास्त्रोंद्वारा ही उसके स्वरूपका निर्णय करते हैं

bhīṣma uvāca | apratyakṣa-bahudvāraṃ dharmam āśramavāsinām | prarūpayanti tadbhāvam āgamair eva śāśvatam ||

ธรรมอันเป็นนิรันดร์ของผู้ดำรงอยู่ในระเบียบแห่งอาศรมนั้น มิได้ปรากฏให้เห็นโดยตรง และมีทางเข้าถึงได้หลายประตู ฉะนั้น บัณฑิตจึงกำหนดและแจกแจงสภาวะที่แท้ของธรรมนั้นด้วยอาคมและคัมภีร์เท่านั้น

अप्रत्यक्षम्not directly perceptible
अप्रत्यक्षम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बहुद्वारम्having many gateways/approaches
बहुद्वारम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुद्वार
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma; duty/law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रमवासिनाम्of the dwellers in the āśramas (orders of life)
आश्रमवासिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रमवासिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्ररूपयन्तिthey determine/define; they set forth
प्ररूपयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-रूपय्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तद्भावम्its true nature/essence
तद्भावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद्भाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आगमैःby scriptures/traditions (āgamas)
आगमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआगम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed; only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
शाश्वतम्eternal; perennial
शाश्वतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशाश्वत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ā
āśrama (the āśrama system)

Educational Q&A

Dharma—especially the dharma governing the āśrama-based way of life—is subtle and not fully grasped by direct perception; its reliable determination requires recourse to śāstra/āgama (authoritative tradition).

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma explains to his listener that the nature of dharma is complex and indirect, and that wise people clarify it by grounding their conclusions in scriptural authority.