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Shloka 101

Dasyu-maryādā and Buddhi-guided Rāja-nīti (दस्युमर्यादा तथा बुद्धिप्रधान-राजनीति)

दत्त्वाभयं यः स्वयमेव राजा न तत्‌ प्रमाणं कुरुते<र्थलो भात्‌ । स सर्वलोकादुपलभ्य पाप॑ सो<धर्मबुद्धिर्निरयं प्रयाति,जो प्रजाको अभयदान देकर धनके लोभसे स्वयं ही उसका पालन नहीं करता, वह पापबुद्धि राजा सारे जगत्‌का पाप बटोरकर नरकमें जाता है

dattvābhayaṁ yaḥ svayam eva rājā na tat pramāṇaṁ kurute 'rthalobhāt | sa sarvalokād upalabhya pāpaṁ so 'dharmabuddhir nirayaṁ prayāti ||

กษัตริย์ผู้มอบความปลอดภัยแก่ประชาชนด้วยพระองค์เอง แต่ด้วยความโลภทรัพย์กลับไม่ทรงยึดมั่นและรักษาสัตย์นั้น ย่อมรวบรวมบาปแห่งโลกทั้งปวงไว้กับตน และด้วยจิตที่ผิดธรรม ย่อมตกสู่นรก

दत्त्वाhaving given
दत्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)
अभयम्fearlessness, security
अभयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that (promise/act)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रमाणम्authoritative, binding (as a standard/pledge)
प्रमाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरुतेmakes, treats (as), holds
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
अर्थलोभात्from greed for wealth
अर्थलोभात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थलोभ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वलोकात्from the whole world
सर्वलोकात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वलोक
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
उपलभ्यhaving obtained, having gathered
उपलभ्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ् (प्राप्तौ)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)
पापम्sin, demerit
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधर्मबुद्धिःone whose mind is unrighteous; evil-minded
अधर्मबुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्मबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रयातिgoes, proceeds
प्रयाति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (गत्यर्थे)
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

ब्रह्मदत्त उवाच

B
Brahmadatta
R
rājā (king)
P
prajā (subjects, implied)
S
sarvaloka (the world/people collectively)
N
niraya (hell)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s promise of protection is a binding moral standard; breaking it out of greed is a grave adharma that makes the king bear widespread sin and leads to severe karmic consequence.

In a discourse on righteous governance (rājadharma) within Śānti Parva, Brahmadatta states a moral judgment: a king who grants ‘fearlessness’ to his people but fails to honor it for the sake of wealth becomes culpable for extensive wrongdoing and is destined for hell.