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Shloka 26

Śalya Installed as Commander; Coalition Agreement and Battle Arrays (शल्यसेनापत्यारोहणं व्यूहवर्णनं च)

“माधव! धृतराष्ट्रपुत्र दुर्योधनने समस्त सेनाओंद्वारा सम्मानित महाधनुर्धर मद्रराज शल्यको सेनापति बनाया है ।। एतजऊज्ञात्वा यथाभूतं कुरु माधव यत्क्षमम्‌ । भवान्‌ नेता च गोप्ता च विधत्स्व यदनन्तरम्‌,इति सत्य ब्रवीम्येष दुर्योधन न संशय: । “मैं रणभूमिमें कुन्तीके सभी पुत्रों और सामने आये हुए सोमकोंपर भी विजय प्राप्त कर लूँगा। इसमें भी संदेह नहीं कि मैं तुम्हारा सेनापति होऊँगा और ऐसे व्यूहका निर्माण करूँगा, जिसे शत्रु लाँघ नहीं सकेंगे। दुर्योधन! यह मैं तुमसे सच्ची बात कहता हूँ। इसमें कोई संशय नहीं है” “माधव! यह यथार्थ रूपसे जानकर आप जो उचित हो वैसा करें; क्योंकि आप ही हमारे नेता और संरक्षक हैं। इसलिये अब जो कार्य आवश्यक हो, उसका सम्पादन कीजिये'

sañjaya uvāca | mādhava! dhṛtarāṣṭraputro duryodhanena samastasenābhiḥ sammānito mahādhanurdharo madrarājaḥ śalyaḥ senāpatiḥ kṛtaḥ || etaj jñātvā yathābhūtaṃ kuru mādhava yat kṣamam | bhavān netā ca goptā ca vidhatsva yad anantaram iti satyaṃ bravīmy eṣa duryodhana na saṃśayaḥ | ahaṃ raṇabhūmau kuntīputrān sarvān samāgatāṃś ca somakān api vijayiṣyāmi | na saṃśayaḥ | tava senāpatiḥ bhaviṣyāmi tathā ca vyūhaṃ racayiṣyāmi yaṃ śatravo na laṅghayiṣyanti | duryodhana! etat te satyaṃ bravīmi na saṃśayaḥ ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “โอ้ มาธวะ ทุรโยธนะ โอรสแห่งธฤตราษฏระ ได้แต่งตั้งศัลยะ กษัตริย์แห่งมทรา ผู้เป็นมหาธนูรและเป็นที่เคารพของกองทัพทั้งสิ้น ให้เป็นแม่ทัพใหญ่ เมื่อทราบความจริงดังนี้แล้ว โอ้ มาธวะ จงกระทำสิ่งที่สมควรเถิด ท่านเป็นทั้งผู้นำและผู้พิทักษ์ของเรา เพราะฉะนั้นจงจัดการสิ่งที่ต้องทำต่อไป”

एतत्this (fact)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
यथाभूतम्as it really is
यथाभूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयथा + भूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुरुdo
कुरु:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
माधवO Madhava (Krishna)
माधव:
TypeNoun
Rootमाधव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षमम्proper/possible/fit
क्षमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नेताleader
नेता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनेतृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गोप्ताprotector/guardian
गोप्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विधत्स्वarrange/ordain/perform
विधत्स्व:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Atmanepada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनन्तरम्next/thereafter (the next step)
अनन्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sanjaya)
माधव / श्रीकृष्ण (Madhava / Krishna)
धृतराष्ट्र (Dhritarashtra)
दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
शल्य (Shalya)
मद्र (Madra)
कुन्ती (Kunti)
कुन्तीपुत्राः / पाण्डवाः (sons of Kunti / Pandavas)
सोमकाः (Somakas)
रणभूमि (battlefield)
व्यूह (battle-array/formation)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights the ethical weight of leadership in war: once a major strategic change occurs (appointment of a new commander), the responsible guide must respond with clear-eyed realism (yathābhūtam) and timely action. It also contrasts sober counsel with the rhetoric of certainty—boasts of inevitable victory and ‘unbreakable’ formations—showing how confidence can become moral and strategic overreach.

Sanjaya reports that Duryodhana has made Shalya, king of Madra, the commander of the Kaurava forces. Sanjaya urges Krishna (Madhava) to recognize the situation accurately and to take whatever steps are appropriate as leader and protector. The verse also conveys Shalya’s assurance to Duryodhana that he will defeat the sons of Kunti and the Somakas and will arrange a battle formation the enemy cannot penetrate.