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Shloka 4

अध्याय २२ — अमर्याद-युद्धवर्णन

Unrestrained Battle Description and Śakuni’s Rear Assault

यं यं हि समरे योध॑ प्रपश्यामि विशाम्पते । सस बाणैश्नितो<भूद्‌ वै पुत्रेण तव भारत,प्रजानाथ! भरतनन्दन! मैं समरांगणमें जिस-जिस योद्धाको देखता था, वही-वही आपके पुत्रके बाणोंसे व्याप्त हुआ दिखायी देता था

yaṁ yaṁ hi samare yodha prapaśyāmi viśāmpate | sa sa bāṇaiḥ śnito 'bhūd vai putreṇa tava bhārata ||

ข้าแต่เจ้าแห่งประชา โอ้เชื้อสายภรต! ในสนามรบ ข้าพเจ้าแลเห็นนักรบผู้ใด ผู้นั้นก็ปรากฏว่าถูกศรของพระโอรสพระองค์แทงทะลุอยู่ทุกครั้ง

यम्whom
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यम्whom (each one)
यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
योद्धम्warrior
योद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोद्धृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रपश्यामिI see clearly
प्रपश्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √पश्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat same (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
नितःpierced/struck (as if 'hit')
नितः:
TypeKridanta
Rootनि + √दा (निदा/निद्) / √नी (uncertain)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
अभूत्became/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormAorist (luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुत्रेणby (your) son
पुत्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रजानाथO lord of subjects
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा + नाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भरतनन्दनO descendant/joy of Bharata
भरतनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
D
Duryodhana
B
Bharata lineage
A
arrows (bāṇa)
B
battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how martial excellence in war is concretely seen as the capacity to strike and pierce opponents; it implicitly raises the ethical weight of kingship and warfare—glory is inseparable from the harm it causes, and a ruler must bear responsibility for the outcomes of his side’s prowess.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that on the battlefield he repeatedly saw every warrior he looked at already pierced by the arrows of Dhritarashtra’s son (Duryodhana), emphasizing Duryodhana’s effectiveness and the overwhelming spread of his missile-strikes in that phase of the fighting.