Shloka 11

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

Devanagari script

यज्वा दानपति: क्षान्त: स्वकर्मस्थो5भवच्छुचि: । बहुपुत्र: प्रियापत्य: सर्वभूतानुकम्पक:

Transliteration

yajvā dānapatiḥ kṣāntaḥ svakarmastho ’bhavac chuciḥ | bahuputraḥ priyāpatyaḥ sarvabhūtānukampakaḥ ||

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “เขาเป็นผู้ประกอบยัญพิธี เป็นเจ้าทานผู้ใจกว้าง และอดทนอดกลั้น ตั้งมั่นอยู่ในหน้าที่ของตน จึงดำรงความบริสุทธิ์แห่งความประพฤติ มีบุตรมากและลูกหลานอันเป็นที่รัก และเมตตาต่อสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวง”

Word by Word

यज्वाa sacrificer (one who has performed sacrifices)

दानपतिःlord of gifts; generous patron

क्षान्तःforbearing, patient

स्वकर्मस्थःsteadfast in his own duties

अभवत्was, became

शुचिःpure, clean

बहुपुत्रःhaving many sons

प्रियापत्यःhaving dear offspring

सर्वभूतानुकम्पकःcompassionate toward all beings

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises an ideal ethical profile: one who performs sacred duties (yajña), gives generously (dāna), practices forbearance (kṣamā), remains established in one’s own duty (svadharma), maintains purity of conduct (śauca), and extends compassion to all beings—virtues presented as marks of true nobility.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya is describing a person’s character by listing exemplary qualities—sacrificial piety, generosity, patience, dutifulness, purity, familial prosperity, and universal compassion—framing the individual as morally distinguished within the unfolding events of the Karṇa Parva.