Shloka 3

भीष्मस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति उपालम्भः

Bhīṣma’s Reproof to Duryodhana

Devanagari script

नदतस्तस्य शब्देन पृथिवी सागराम्बरा । सपर्वतवना राजंश्वचाल सुभृशं तदा

Transliteration

nadatastasya śabdena pṛthivī sāgarāmbarā | saparvatavanā rājañ śvacāla subhṛśaṃ tadā ||

Translation

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า ข้าแต่มหาราช ด้วยเสียงคำรามของเขา แผ่นดินซึ่งมีมหาสมุทรโอบล้อมและมีนภาคลุมคลุม พร้อมทั้งภูผาและพนไพร ก็สั่นสะเทือนอย่างรุนแรงในบัดนั้น

Word by Word

• नदतः: of (him) roaring
• नदतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: नद्
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• शब्देन: by/with the sound
• शब्देन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• पृथिवी: the earth
• पृथिवी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सागर: with the ocean
• सागर: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सागर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अम्बरा: with the sky
• अम्बरा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अम्बर
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• स: with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स
• Form: upasarga-like prefix meaning 'with' in compounds

• पर्वत: with mountains
• पर्वत: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• वना: with forests
• वना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• अचालत्: shook/moved
• Type: Verb
• Root: चल्
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), Past, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सुभृशम्: exceedingly, greatly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सुभृशम्
• Form: adverb

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा
• Form: temporal adverb

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by address rājan)
• Earth (pṛthivī)
• Ocean (sāgara)
• Sky (ambara)
• Mountains (parvata)
• Forests (vana)