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Shloka 61

यज्ञ इज्यो महेज्यश्न क्रतुः सत्र सतां गति: । सर्वदर्शी विमुक्तात्मा सर्वज्ञो ज्ञानमुत्तमम्‌

yajña ijyo mahejyaś ca kratuḥ satra satāṁ gatiḥ | sarvadarśī vimuktātmā sarvajño jñānam uttamam ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—พระองค์คือยัญญะเอง เป็นผู้ควรบูชา เป็นผู้ควรสักการะยิ่งกว่าใคร. พระองค์คือครตุและสัตร เป็นที่พึ่งและจุดหมายสูงสุดของสัตบุรุษ. ทรงเห็นทั่วถึง ทรงเป็นอาตมันผู้หลุดพ้นอยู่เสมอ ทรงรู้ทั้งหมด—และทรงเป็นญาณอันสูงสุดเอง.

यज्ञःsacrifice; the sacrificial principle
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इज्यःworthy of worship
इज्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइज्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महेज्यःsupremely worthy of worship
महेज्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा-इज्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रतुःritual; sacrificial rite
क्रतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्रम्session-sacrifice; sacrificial session
सत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सताम्of the good (people)
सताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
गतिःgoal; refuge; final state
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वदर्शीall-seeing
सर्वदर्शी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-दर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विमुक्तात्माwhose self is ever free; liberated-souled
विमुक्तात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविमुक्त-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वज्ञःall-knowing
सर्वज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-ज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्तमम्supreme; highest
उत्तमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
Viṣṇu (implied as Bhagavān identified with yajña)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies the Supreme (understood here as Viṣṇu) with the very essence of Vedic religion and spiritual attainment: He is both the object of worship and the sacrificial act, the protector and final goal of the righteous, and the highest knowledge leading to liberation.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma—teaching from his bed of arrows—offers a hymn-like description of the Supreme’s attributes, emphasizing divine supremacy through epithets that connect ritual (yajña/kratu/satra), ethics (satāṁ gatiḥ), and metaphysics (all-seeing, ever-liberated, omniscient, highest knowledge).