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Shloka 66

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

त्रैविद्यो ब्राह्मणो विद्वानू न चाध्ययनजीवक: । त्रिकर्मा त्रिपरिक्रान्तो मैत्र एष स्मृतो द्विज:

traividyo brāhmaṇo vidvān na cādhyayanajīvakaḥ | trikarmā triparikrānto maitra eṣa smṛto dvijaḥ ||

“ผู้ใดเป็นผู้รู้และเชี่ยวชาญในพระเวททั้งสาม แต่ไม่ยึดการสอนหรือการสาธยายเป็นเครื่องเลี้ยงชีพ ผู้ใดประกอบกิจสามประการอยู่เนืองนิตย์ คือ ยัญญะ ทาน และการประพฤติธรรม ผู้ใดข้ามพ้นศัตรูภายในสามอย่าง คือ กาม โกรธ และโลภ และผู้ใดมีไมตรีต่อสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวง—ผู้นั้นแลจึงถูกจดจำว่าเป็นทวิชะ และเป็นพราหมณ์โดยแท้”

त्रैविद्यःknower of the three Vedas
त्रैविद्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रैविद्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विद्वान्learned, wise
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अध्ययनजीवकःone who lives by teaching/recitation (study) as livelihood
अध्ययनजीवकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्ययनजीवक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिकर्माperformer of the three duties (threefold rites)
त्रिकर्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिपरिक्रान्तःone who has gone beyond/overcome the three (faults)
त्रिपरिक्रान्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रिपरिक्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मैत्रःfriendly, benevolent
मैत्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमैत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृतःis considered/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)
द्विजःtwice-born (Brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrīmahēśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
B
brāhmaṇa
D
dvija
T
three Vedas (Ṛgveda, Yajurveda, Sāmaveda)

Educational Q&A

True brahminhood is characterized by Vedic learning joined to integrity: not commercializing sacred study, performing key dharmic duties (sacrifice, charity, righteous conduct), conquering desire-anger-greed, and cultivating friendliness toward all beings.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused setting, Mahādeva speaks a normative definition of a brāhmaṇa, shifting emphasis from mere social label to ethical and spiritual qualifications.