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Shloka 9

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 68 — Sarvadamana’s Childhood and Śakuntalā’s Claim at Court

स्वथर्मे रेमिरे वर्णा दैवे कर्मणि निःस्पृहा: । तमाश्रित्य महीपालमासंश्रैवाकुतो भया:,सब वर्णोंके लोग अपने-अपने धर्मके पालनमें रत रहते थे। देवाराधन आदि कर्मोंको निष्कामभावसे ही करते थे। राजा दुष्यन्तका आश्रय लेकर समस्त प्रजा निर्भय हो गयी थी

svadharme remire varṇā daive karmaṇi niḥspṛhāḥ | tam āśritya mahīpālam āsaṁśrā iva akuto-bhayāḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—หมู่ชนทั้งหลายตามวรรณะต่างยินดีในสวธรรมของตน และประกอบการบูชาเทพกับพิธีกรรมศักดิ์สิทธิ์โดยไร้ความใคร่ผล เมื่อพึ่งพาพระราชาผู้พิทักษ์แผ่นดินนั้นแล้ว ปวงประชาจึงเป็นผู้ปลอดภัย ไร้ความหวาดกลัวรอบด้าน

स्वधर्मेin (their) own duty
स्वधर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रेमिरेrejoiced / delighted
रेमिरे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरम्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
वर्णाःthe social classes (varnas)
वर्णाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दैवेin divine (matters)
दैवे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कर्मणिin action/ritual duty
कर्मणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निःस्पृहाःdesireless / without longing
निःस्पृहाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिःस्पृह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in / relying on
आश्रित्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral
महीपालम्the king (protector of the earth)
महीपालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहीपाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसन्were
आसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अकुतोभयाःfearless (from no quarter)
अकुतोभयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकुतोभय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
mahīpāla (the king, contextually Duṣyanta)
V
varṇāḥ (the social orders)
D
daiva-karma (divine rites/worship)

Educational Q&A

When a ruler upholds protection and justice, society naturally settles into svadharma: people perform their duties and sacred rites without selfish craving (niḥspṛhatā), and public life becomes stable and fearless (akuto-bhayatā).

Vaiśampāyana describes an ideal condition under the king’s shelter: the varṇas are content in their own roles, religious acts are done without desire for reward, and the populace feels secure because the king functions as a true mahīpāla (protector of the realm).