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Shloka 7

Adhyāya 196: Droṇa’s Conciliatory Counsel and Karṇa’s Suspicion of Counsel (मन्त्र-नय-विवादः)

श्रीभगवानुवाच वैवस्वतो व्यापृतः सत्रहेतो- स्तेन त्विमे न ग्रियन्ते मनुष्या: । तस्मिन्नेकाग्रे कृतसर्वकार्ये तत एपषां भवितैवान्तकाल:,भगवान्‌ ब्रह्माजीने कहा--सूर्यपुत्र यमराज यज्ञके कार्यमें लगे हैं, इसीलिये ये मनुष्य मर नहीं रहे हैं। जब वे यज्ञका सारा काम पूरा करके इधर ध्यान देंगे, तब इन मनुष्योंका अन्तकाल उपस्थित होगा। तुमलोगोंके बलके प्रभावसे जब सूर्यनन्दन यमराजका शरीर यज्ञकार्यसे अलग होकर अपने कार्यमें प्रयुक्त होगा, तब वही अन्तकाल आनेपर मनुष्योंकी मृत्युका कारण बनेगा। उस समय मनुष्योंमें इतनी शक्ति नहीं होगी कि वे मृत्युसे अपनेको बचा सकें

śrībhagavān uvāca: vaivasvato vyāpṛtaḥ satra-hetoḥ, tena tv ime na mriyante manuṣyāḥ | tasminn ekāgre kṛta-sarva-kārye tata eṣāṃ bhavitāivānta-kālaḥ ||

พระผู้เป็นเจ้าตรัสว่า “ไววัสวตะ (ยม) กำลังติดภารกิจเพราะพิธียัญญะ จึงทำให้มนุษย์เหล่านี้ไม่ตาย แต่เมื่อเขาทำกิจแห่งยัญญะนั้นเสร็จสิ้นและกลับมาตั้งจิตเป็นหนึ่งแล้ว เวลาสิ้นสุดที่กำหนดไว้ของพวกเขาย่อมมาถึงแน่นอน”

श्रीभगवान्the Blessed Lord
श्रीभगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैवस्वतःVaivasvata (Yama)
वैवस्वतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैवस्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यापृतःengaged, occupied
व्यापृतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-आ-प्र-√वृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सत्रहेतोःbecause of the sacrificial session (satra)
सत्रहेतोः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्र-हेतु
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तेनtherefore/by that (reason)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
म्रियन्तेdie
म्रियन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootमृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
मनुष्याःhumans
मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मिन्when/at that (time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एकाग्रेwith single-pointed attention
एकाग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootएकाग्र
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कृतसर्वकार्येwhen all tasks are completed
कृतसर्वकार्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत-सर्व-कार्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
ततःthen/from that time
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
एषाम्of these (people)
एषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भविताwill be / will occur
भविता:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formतृ (agent noun used as future periphrastic), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अन्तकालःthe time of death/end-time
अन्तकालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्त-काल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

पितामह उवाच

Ś
Śrī Bhagavān (speaker)
V
Vaivasvata (Yama)
M
Manuṣyāḥ (human beings)
S
Satra (sacrificial session)

Educational Q&A

Death is not random but governed by cosmic order and appointed time (kāla). Even Yama’s function operates within a larger dharmic framework: when the conditions and duties that temporarily suspend his activity end, mortality resumes for beings according to their destined time.

The speaker explains that Yama (Vaivasvata) is currently occupied with a prolonged sacrificial rite (satra), and because he is diverted from his usual role, humans are not dying. Once he completes the ritual duties and refocuses on his own function, the ‘end-time’ for those humans will arrive and death will occur again.