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Shloka 19

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 188 — Draupadī-Vivāha Dharma-Vicāra

Debate on the Legitimacy of One Wife for Five

तत्‌ प्रेक्ष्य कर्मातिमनुष्यबुद्धि- जिंष्णो: सहभ्रातुरचिन्त्यकर्मा । दामोदरो भ्रातरमुग्रवीर्य हलायुध॑ वाक्यमिदं बभाषे,जिनकी बुद्धि लोकोत्तर और कर्म अचिन्त्य हैं, उन भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने अर्जुन तथा उनके भाई भीमसेनका वह (साहसपूर्ण) कार्य देखकर भयंकर पराक्रमी एवं हलको ही आयुधके रूपमें धारण करनेवाले अपने भ्राता बलरामजीसे यह बात कही--

tat prekṣya karmātimanuṣyabuddhi-jiṣṇoḥ sahabhrātur acintyakarmā | dāmodaro bhrātaram ugravīryaṃ halāyudhaṃ vākyam idaṃ babhāṣe ||

ครั้นทอดพระเนตรการกระทำอันห้าวหาญของอรชุน ผู้มีปัญญาเกินกว่ามาตรามนุษย์ และเห็นเดชานุภาพอันยากหยั่งของพี่น้องผู้นั้นแล้ว ดาโมทร (พระกฤษณะ) ผู้มีการงานอันเหลือคณานับ จึงตรัสถ้อยคำนี้แก่พระเชษฐาอันเกรียงไกร ผู้ทรงคันไถเป็นอาวุธ คือ หาลายุธ (พระพลราม)

तत्that (deed/act)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रेक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अति-मनुष्य-बुद्धि-जिष्णोःof the ever-victorious one whose intellect is beyond human
अति-मनुष्य-बुद्धि-जिष्णोः:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootजिष्णु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
भ्रातुःof (his) brother
भ्रातुः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अचिन्त्य-कर्माhe whose deeds are inconceivable
अचिन्त्य-कर्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दामोदरःDāmodara (Kṛṣṇa)
दामोदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदामोदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातरम्(to) his brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उग्र-वीर्यम्of fierce might
उग्र-वीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हल-आयुधम्having a plough as weapon (Halāyudha/Balarāma)
हल-आयुधम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआयुध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वाक्यम्speech, words
वाक्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाक्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बभाषेsaid, spoke
बभाषे:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna (Jiṣṇu)
B
Bhīmasena (implied by 'brother')
Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Dāmodara)
B
Balarāma (Halāyudha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that extraordinary strength and daring actions should be met with thoughtful counsel. It implicitly points to the ethical need to interpret heroic deeds through dharma—balancing admiration for prowess with guidance toward right use of power.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Kṛṣṇa, after witnessing a bold act performed by Arjuna along with his brother (understood as Bhīma in the given context), turns to his own brother Balarāma and begins to speak, setting up the ensuing dialogue or response.