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Shloka 18

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 188 — Draupadī-Vivāha Dharma-Vicāra

Debate on the Legitimacy of One Wife for Five

तत्‌ प्रेक्ष्य कर्मातिमनुष्यबुद्धि- जिंष्णु: स हि भ्रातुरचिन्त्यकर्मा | विसिष्मिये चापि भयं विहाय तस्थौ धरनुर्गहा महेन्द्रकर्मा,असाधारण बुद्धिवाले तथा देवराज इन्द्रके समान महापराक्रमी, अचिन्त्यकर्मा अर्जुन अपने भाई भीमसेनके (अद्भुत) कार्यको देखकर चकित हो उठे और छोड़कर धनुष हाथमें लिये हुए युद्धके लिये गये

tat prekṣya karmātimanuṣya-buddhi-jiṣṇuḥ sa hi bhrātur acintya-karmā | visiṣmiye cāpi bhayaṁ vihāya tasthau dhanuḥ-grahā mahendra-karmā ||

เมื่อเห็นวีรกรรมอันเกินสามัญนั้น อรชุน—ผู้มีปัญญาดุจเหนือมนุษย์ ผู้มีชัยเป็นนิตย์ และมีเดชดุจพระอินทร์—ก็ตะลึงในกิจอันยากหยั่งถึงของพี่ชาย แล้วสลัดความหวาดหวั่น ยืนมั่นถือคันศร พร้อมเข้าสู่ศึก

तत्that (deed/act)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतिमनुष्यबुद्धि-जिष्णुःone whose intellect surpasses that of men; ever-victorious
अतिमनुष्यबुद्धि-जिष्णुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिमनुष्यबुद्धि-जिष्णु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भ्रातुःof (his) brother
भ्रातुः:
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अचिन्त्यकर्माhe whose deeds are inconceivable
अचिन्त्यकर्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअचिन्त्यकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विसिष्मियेmarvelled, was astonished
विसिष्मिये:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + स्मि
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विहायhaving abandoned, casting off
विहाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + हा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
तस्थौstood (firm)
तस्थौ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनुः-ग्रहःbow-holder; one holding a bow
धनुः-ग्रहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनुः-ग्रह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महेन्द्रकर्माhe whose deeds are like Mahendra (Indra)
महेन्द्रकर्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहेन्द्रकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
B
Bhīmasena
I
Indra (Mahendra)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores courageous composure: witnessing extraordinary capability can transform fear into steady resolve, enabling one to stand prepared to do one’s duty in a crisis.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Arjuna, amazed at his brother Bhīma’s remarkable deed, abandons fear and stands ready for combat with his bow, likened in prowess to Indra.