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Shloka 12

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 180 — Svayaṃvara-Virodha and Pāṇḍava Parākrama

Draupadī Episode

राजभिश्रेश्वरैश्वेव यदि वै पितरो मम । शक्तैर्न शकितास्त्रातुमिष्टं मत्वेह जीवितम्‌,इस लोकमें अपना जीवन सबको प्रिय है, यह समझकर सबका शासन करनेवाले राजालोग सामर्थ्य होते हुए भी मेरे पिताओंकी रक्षा न कर सके, इसीलिये मैं भी इन सब लोकोंपर कुपित हुआ हूँ। मुझमें इन्हें दण्ड देनेकी शक्ति है। अतः (इस विषयमें) मैं आपलोगोंका वचन माननेमें असमर्थ हूँ प्रजोच्छेदमिमं महां न हि कर्तु त्वमर्हसि । नैष तात द्विजातीनां धर्मो दृष्टस्तपस्विनाम्‌ “वत्स! मेरी संततिका तुम्हें इस प्रकार उच्छेद नहीं करना चाहिये। तात! यह हिंसा तपस्वी ब्राह्मणोंका धर्म कभी नहीं मानी गयी

rājabhiḥ śreṣṭhaiḥ īśvaraiś caiva yadi vai pitaraḥ mama | śaktair na śakitās trātuṃ iṣṭaṃ matveha jīvitam ||

prājocchedam imaṃ mahān na hi kartuṃ tvam arhasi | naiṣa tāta dvijātīnāṃ dharmo dṛṣṭas tapasvinām ||

เอารวะกล่าวว่า— “หากแม้บรรดาปิตุชนของข้าก็มิอาจได้รับการคุ้มครองจากกษัตริย์และผู้ปกครองผู้เลิศ—ทั้งที่มีอำนาจ—เพราะเห็นว่าชีวิตในโลกนี้เป็นที่รักของทุกผู้คน ข้าจึงกริ้วต่อสรรพโลกทั้งปวง ข้ามีกำลังจะลงทัณฑ์พวกเขา ฉะนั้นในเรื่องนี้ข้าจึงไม่อาจทำตามคำขอของท่านได้” (เหล่าผู้อาวุโสกล่าว)—“ลูกเอ๋ย เจ้าไม่ควรก่อความพินาศใหญ่หลวงแก่เชื้อสายด้วยวิธีเช่นนี้เลย ที่รักเอ๋ย ความรุนแรงเช่นนี้ไม่เคยถือเป็นธรรมของพราหมณ์ผู้บำเพ็ญตบะ”

राजभिःby kings
राजभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ईश्वरैःby rulers/lords
ईश्वरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootईश्वर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
वैindeed/for sure
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पितरःfathers/forefathers
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ममof me/my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
शक्तैःby the capable/though capable
शक्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शकिताःable (having been able)
शकिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशकित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रातुम्to protect/save
त्रातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रा
FormInfinitive (tumun)
इष्टम्desired/cherished (thing)
इष्टम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मत्वाhaving thought/considered
मत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā)
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
जीवितम्life
जीवितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रजा-उच्छेदम्destruction of subjects
प्रजा-उच्छेदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजाउच्छेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महान्great
महान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कर्तुम्to do
कर्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormInfinitive (tumun)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अर्हसिare fit/ought
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषःthis
एषः:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one/son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
द्विजातीनाम्of the twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजातीनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
धर्मःduty/law
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्टःseen/recognized
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta) of √दृश्
तपस्विनाम्of ascetics
तपस्विनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्विन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

ऑर्व उवाच

A
Aurva (Āurva)
P
pitaraḥ (ancestors of Aurva)
R
rājānaḥ/īśvarāḥ (kings/rulers)
D
dvijātayaḥ (twice-born, Brahmins)
T
tapasvinaḥ (ascetic Brahmins)
I
iha loka (this world)
S
sarva-lokāḥ (all worlds)

Educational Q&A

Even when one has the power to retaliate, indiscriminate destruction (prajoccheda) is condemned as contrary to the dharma of ascetic Brahmins; restraint and alignment with one’s ethical role are upheld over wrath-driven punishment.

Aurva, recalling that powerful kings failed to protect his ancestors because they valued their own lives and worldly stability, becomes furious and claims the power to punish the worlds. Elders admonish him, urging him not to annihilate progeny and reminding him that such violence is not the accepted dharma of tapasvin Brahmins.