Shloka 4

Saudāsa

Kalmāṣapāda) Released by Vasiṣṭha; Return to Ayodhyā; Birth of Aśmaka (अश्मक-जन्म

Devanagari script

यानीह रमणीयानि वनान्युपवनानि च । सर्वाणि तानि दृष्टानि पुन: पुनररिंदम,शत्रुदमन! यहाँ जो रमणीय वन और उपवन हैं, उन सबको हमने बार-बार देख लिया

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

yānīha ramaṇīyāni vanāny upavanāni ca |

sarvāṇi tāni dṛṣṭāni punaḥ punar ariṃdama, śatrudamana ||

Translation

โอ้ผู้ปราบศัตรู ที่นี่เราชมป่าและอุทยานอันรื่นรมย์ทั้งปวงซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่าแล้ว

Word by Word

यानिwhich (things)

इहhere

रमणीयानिdelightful, beautiful

वनानिforests

उपवनानिgroves, pleasure-gardens

चand

सर्वाणिall

तानिthose

दृष्टानिseen

पुनःagain

अरिंदमO crusher of foes

शत्रुदमनO subduer of enemies

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

forests (vanāni)

groves/pleasure-gardens (upavanāni)

ariṃdama (epithet of the addressee)

śatrudamana (epithet of the addressee)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights cultivated perception and contentment: even amid movement and larger aims, one attentively observes the world’s beauty, while the heroic addressee is reminded of disciplined strength (foe-subduing) paired with composure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana reports to a heroic listener that they have repeatedly viewed the pleasant forests and groves in the area—serving as a brief travel/narrative marker and a respectful address through martial epithets.