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Shloka 78

Adhyāya 123 — Droṇa’s Pedagogy: Arjuna’s Preeminence, Ekalavya’s Self-Training, and the Bhāsa-Lakṣya Trial

स त्वं विद्वन्‌ धर्ममिममधिगम्य कथं नु माम्‌ । अपत्यार्थ समुत्क्रम्य प्रमादादिव भाषसे,“विद्वन! आप धर्मको जानते हुए भी प्रमादसे कहनेवालेके समान धर्मका लोप करके अब फिर मुझे संतानोत्पत्तिके लिये क्‍यों प्रेरित कर रहे हैं'

sa tvaṁ vidvan dharmam imam adhigamya kathaṁ nu mām | apatyārthaṁ samutkramya pramādād iva bhāṣase ||

โอ้ท่านผู้รู้! เมื่อท่านรู้แจ้งธรรมนี้แล้ว ไฉนจึงกล่าวกับข้าราวกับผู้เผลอไผล? ครั้นละทิ้งหนทางแห่งธรรมแล้ว เหตุใดท่านจึงกลับมากระตุ้นให้ข้าก่อกำเนิดบุตรอีกเล่า?

सःhe/that (you)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
विद्वन्O learned one
विद्वन्:
TypeNoun (used as vocative address)
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, duty, law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इमम्this
इमम्:
TypePronoun (demonstrative adjective)
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अधिगम्यhaving understood/learned
अधिगम्य:
TypeVerb (absolutive/gerund)
Rootअधि-गम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
नुindeed/then (emphatic)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootनु
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
अपत्यार्थम्for the sake of offspring
अपत्यार्थम्:
TypeNoun (compound used adverbially)
Rootअपत्य + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समुत्क्रम्यhaving transgressed/overstepped
समुत्क्रम्य:
TypeVerb (absolutive/gerund)
Rootसम्-उत्-क्रम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
प्रमादात्from heedlessness/through negligence
प्रमादात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
भाषसेyou speak
भाषसे:
TypeVerb
Rootभाष्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

Even a learned person must act consistently with dharma; urging someone toward an act framed as contrary to dharma is criticized as ‘pramāda’ (heedlessness). Ethical counsel must align with the moral order one claims to know.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration, a speaker rebukes a learned interlocutor: despite knowing dharma, he appears to abandon it and then presses the other person to pursue offspring, prompting a moral challenge about consistency and rightful conduct.