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Shloka 57

Adhyāya 123 — Droṇa’s Pedagogy: Arjuna’s Preeminence, Ekalavya’s Self-Training, and the Bhāsa-Lakṣya Trial

कलि: पञठ्चदशश्लैव नारदक्षात्र षोडश: । ऋत्वा बृहत्त्वा बृहक: करालश्न महामना:,भीमसेन तथा उग्रसेन, ऊर्णायु और अनघ, गोपति एवं धृतराष्ट्र, सूर्यवर्चा तथा आठवें युगप, तृणप, कार्ष्णि, नन्दि एवं चित्ररथ, तेरहवें शालिशिरा और चौदहवें पर्जन्य, पंद्रहवें कलि और सोलहवें नारद, ऋत्वा और बृहत्त्वा, बृहक एवं महामना कराल, ब्रह्मचारी तथा विख्यात गुणवान्‌ सुवर्ण, विश्वावसु एवं भुमन्यु, सुचन्द्र और शरु तथा गीतमाधुर्यसे सम्पन्न सुविख्यात हाहा और हूहू--राजन्‌! ये सब देवगन्धर्व वहाँ पधारे थे

kaliḥ pañcadaśaś caiva nārada-kṣātra ṣoḍaśaḥ | ṛtvā bṛhattvā bṛhakaḥ karālaś ca mahāmanāḥ || bhīmasena tathā ugrasenāḥ ūrṇāyuś cānaghaḥ | gopatiś ca dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ sūryavarcāś ca yugapaḥ || tṛṇapaḥ kārṣṇir nandiś ca citrarathaś ca (iti) | śāliśirā trayodaśaḥ parjanyaś caturdaśaḥ || pañcadaśaḥ kaliḥ ṣoḍaśaś ca nāradaḥ | ṛtvā bṛhattvā bṛhakaś ca mahāmanāḥ karālaḥ || brahmacārī ca vikhyātaḥ guṇavān suvarṇaḥ | viśvāvasuś ca bhūmanyuḥ sucandraḥ śaruś ca || gītamādhurya-sampannau suvikhyātau hāhā-hūhū | rājan ete sarve deva-gandharvāḥ tatra samāgatāḥ ||

กะลิเป็นองค์ที่สิบห้า และนารทผู้สืบสายกษัตริย์เป็นองค์ที่สิบหก อีกทั้งฤตวา พฤหัตตวา พฤหก และกราลผู้มีจิตใจยิ่งใหญ่—ก็ล้วนอยู่ ณ ที่นั้น

कलिःKali (name of a Gandharva)
कलिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चदशःthe fifteenth
पञ्चदशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चदश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नारदःNārada (name)
नारदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षात्रःKṣātra (name)
क्षात्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
षोडशःthe sixteenth
षोडशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootषोडश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋत्वाṚtvā (name)
ऋत्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्वा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहत्त्वाBṛhattvā (name)
बृहत्त्वा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहत्त्वा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहकःBṛhaka (name)
बृहकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करालःKarāla (name)
करालः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकराल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महामनाःgreat-minded
महामनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहामनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
K
Kali
N
Nārada
Ṛtvā
B
Bṛhattvā
B
Bṛhaka
K
Karāla
B
Bhīmasena
U
Ugrasena
Ū
Ūrṇāyu
A
Anagha
G
Gopati
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sūryavarcā
Y
Yugapa
T
Tṛṇapa
K
Kārṣṇi
N
Nandi
C
Citraratha
Ś
Śāliśirā
P
Parjanya
B
Brahmacārin
S
Suvarṇa
V
Viśvāvasu
B
Bhūmanyu
S
Sucandra
Ś
Śaru
H
Hāhā
H
Hūhū
D
Deva-Gandharvas
J
Janamejaya (implied by 'rājan')

Educational Q&A

The passage emphasizes the grandeur and ordered enumeration of celestial attendees—especially Gandharvas famed for music—highlighting how epic events are witnessed and validated by divine beings, and how excellence (like mastery of song) is recognized as a virtue within the cosmic order.

Vaiśaṃpāyana is listing by name a group of divine Gandharvas who arrived and assembled at a particular gathering, noting their order (13th–16th) and distinguishing some by qualities such as noble-mindedness and sweetness of song.