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Shloka 20

Droṇotpattiḥ and Dhanurveda-Prāpti

Origin of Droṇa and Acquisition of Martial Science

अपुत्रा पुरुषव्याप्र विललापेति न: श्रुतम्‌ । भद्रा परमदु:खार्ता तन्निबोध जनाधिप,“नरव्याप्र जनेश्वर! हमने सुना है कि भद्राके तबतक कोई पुत्र नहीं हुआ था। इस कारण वह अत्यन्त दुःखसे आतुर होकर विलाप करने लगी; वह विलाप सुनिये”

aputrā puruṣavyāghra vilalāpeti naḥ śrutam | bhadrā paramaduḥkhārtā tannibodha janādhipa ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “โอ้พยัคฆ์แห่งหมู่มนุษย์ โอ้ผู้เป็นใหญ่เหนือปวงชน เราได้ยินมาว่า ภัทรานั้นไร้บุตร ด้วยเหตุนั้นนางจึงคร่ำครวญด้วยความทุกข์อันลึกยิ่ง บัดนี้ขอท่านจงฟังเถิด โอ้พระราชา”

अपुत्राsonless
अपुत्रा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपुत्र (a-putra)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषव्याघ्रO tiger among men
पुरुषव्याघ्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विललापlamented
विललाप:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-लप्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard (it is heard/has been heard)
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भद्राBhadrā
भद्रा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभद्रा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परमदुःखार्ताafflicted with extreme sorrow
परमदुःखार्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम-दुःख-आर्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (lamentation/matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निबोधunderstand / hear (attend to)
निबोध:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-बुध्
FormImperative, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जनाधिपO lord of people
जनाधिप:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhadrā
J
janādhipa (the king addressed)
P
puruṣavyāghra (the man addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the social and dharmic weight placed on progeny and lineage in epic culture, showing how childlessness can become a source of intense personal suffering; it also models attentive listening to a narrated tradition as a means of learning.

Vaiśampāyana reports to the king that Bhadrā had no son and, distressed by this, began to lament; he invites the listener to hear the account of her lamentation.