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Shloka 12

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 104 — कर्णोत्पत्ति, दानधर्म, वैकर्तन-नामकरण

Karna’s Birth, Gift-Ethic, and the Name Vaikartana

वैशम्पायन उवाच तथोच्यमानो मात्रा स सुहृद्धिश्व॒ परंतप: । इत्युवाचाथ धर्मात्मा धर्म्यमेवोत्तरं वच:,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं-जनमेजय! माता और सुहृदोंके ऐसा कहनेपर शत्रुदमन धर्मात्मा भीष्मने यह धर्मानुकूल उत्तर दिया--

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: tathocyamāno mātrā sa suhṛdbhiś ca parantapaḥ | ity uvācātha dharmātmā dharmyam evottaraṃ vacaḥ ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—“โอ้ชนเมชัย! เมื่อมารดาและมิตรผู้หวังดีทูลกล่าวเช่นนั้นแล้ว ภีษมะผู้ปราบศัตรู ผู้ตั้งมั่นในธรรม จึงกล่าวถ้อยคำตอบอันสอดคล้องกับธรรมโดยแท้”

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उच्यमानःbeing spoken to / being addressed
उच्यमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शानच् (present passive participle)
मात्राby (his) mother
मात्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुहृद्भिःby friends / well-wishers
सुहृद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परंतपःscorcher of foes
परंतपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
धर्मात्माrighteous-souled
धर्मात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्म्यम्righteous, in accordance with dharma
धर्म्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उत्तरम्answering, in reply
उत्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhīṣma
J
Janamejaya
M
mother of Bhīṣma
S
suhṛd (well-wishers/friends)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharma as the standard for response: even when urged by close relations and friends, a noble person answers in a way consistent with righteousness rather than impulse or mere affection.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration to King Janamejaya, Bhīṣma—having been addressed by his mother and well-wishers—prepares to give his reply, characterized explicitly as dharmic.