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Shloka 43

अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope

पुरा विवस्वत: सर्वे महास्तेषां तथावर: । देवभ्राट्‌ तनयस्तस्य सुभाडिति ततः स्मृतः,पूर्वकालमें दिव:पुत्र, बृहत्‌, भानु, चक्षु, आत्मा, विभावसु, सविता, ऋचीक, अर्क, भानु, आशावह तथा रवि--ये सब शब्द विवस्वान्‌के बोधक माने गये हैं, इन सबमें जो अन्तिम 'रवि' हैं वे 'महा' (मही--पृथ्वीमें गर्भ स्थापन करनेवाले एवं पूज्य) माने गये हैं। इनके तनय देवश्राट्‌ हैं और देवभ्राटके तनय सुभ्राट माने गये हैं

purā vivasvataḥ sarve mahāsteṣāṃ tathāvaraḥ | devabhrāṭ tanayastasya subhrāṭ iti tataḥ smṛtaḥ ||

ในกาลโบราณ นามเหล่านี้ล้วนเป็นชื่อของวิวัสวาน (สุริยะ) ทั้งสิ้น ในบรรดานั้น นามสุดท้ายคือ ‘รวิ’ ได้รับนับถือเป็น ‘มหา’—ผู้ประสิทธิ์ชีวิตแก่แผ่นดินและเป็นที่เคารพบูชา จากท่านนั้นกำเนิดเทวภราฏ; และบุตรของเทวภราฏภายหลังเป็นที่จดจำในนามสุภราฏ

पुराformerly, in ancient times
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
Formindeclinable (temporal adverb)
विवस्वतःof Vivasvat (the Sun)
विवस्वतः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootविवस्वत्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
महाःgreat (ones)
महाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formindeclinable (manner adverb)
वरःthe best, the excellent one
वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
देवभ्राट्Devabhrāt (proper name)
देवभ्राट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवभ्रातृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तनयःson
तनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सुभ्राट्Subhrāt (proper name)
सुभ्राट्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुभ्रातृ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इतिthus, as (so) called
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative particle)
ततःthereafter, from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
स्मृतःis remembered/known (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formpast passive participle, masculine, nominative, singular
V
Vivasvān (Sun)
R
Ravi
D
Devabhrāṭ
S
Subhrāṭ
P
Pृथ्वी (Earth, implied by the gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse preserves traditional memory (smṛti) of sacred lineage: divine names and descendants are not merely labels but markers of cosmic function and venerability, grounding later narratives in an ordered, remembered tradition.

A genealogical note is being recorded: Vivasvān (the Sun) is described through traditional appellations, and a line of descent is stated—Devabhrāṭ is his son, and Subhrāṭ is Devabhrāṭ’s son.