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Shloka 37

अनुक्रमणिकाध्यायः (Anukramaṇikā Adhyāya) — Invocation, Narrator Frame, and Textual Scope

संवत्सरर्तवो मासा: पक्षाहोरात्रय: क्रमात्‌ । यच्चान्यदपि तत्‌ सर्व सम्भूतं लोकसाक्षिकम्‌,संवत्सर, ऋतु, मास, पक्ष, दिन तथा रात्रिका प्राकट्य भी क्रमश: उसीसे हुआ है। इसके सिवा और भी जो कुछ लोकमें देखा या सुना जाता है, वह सब उसी अण्डसे उत्पन्न हुआ है

saṃvatsarartavo māsāḥ pakṣāhorātrayaḥ kramāt | yac cānyad api tat sarvaṃ sambhūtaṃ lokasākṣikam ||

โดยลำดับ ปี ฤดูกาล เดือน ปักษ์ และกลางวันกลางคืนก็อุบัติขึ้นจากสิ่งนั้น และยิ่งไปกว่านั้น สิ่งใดก็ตามที่โลกเห็นหรือได้ยิน ล้วนบังเกิดจากอัณฑะจักรวาลเดียวกันนั้น—โดยมีโลกเองเป็นพยาน

संवत्सरyears
संवत्सर:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऋतवःseasons
ऋतवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मासाःmonths
मासाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पक्षfortnights (half-months)
पक्ष:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अहोरात्रयःday-and-nights
अहोरात्रयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहोरात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्रमात्in due order; successively
क्रमात्:
Karna
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
अन्यत्other (anything else)
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formtrue
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वम्all
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सम्भूतम्arisen; produced; originated
सम्भूतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-भू
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
लोकसाक्षिकम्witnessed/attested by the world
लोकसाक्षिकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootलोकसाक्षिक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
S
saṃvatsara (year)
ṛtu (seasons)
M
māsa (months)
P
pakṣa (fortnights)
A
ahorātra (day-night cycle)
L
loka (the world)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents time (year, seasons, months, fortnights, day and night) as an ordered, sequential emergence within creation, implying a lawful cosmic order (krama/ṛta) that structures worldly experience.

Within the opening cosmogonic description of the Mahābhārata’s Ādi Parva, the text enumerates the arising of temporal divisions and states that everything witnessed in the world similarly came into being as part of that same creation.