Shloka 13

Īśvara-gītā: Bhakti as the Supreme Means; the Three Śaktis; Non-compelled Lordship

Devanagari script

यो वै निन्दति तं मूढो देवदेवं स निन्दति / यो हि तं पूजयेद् भक्त्या स पूजयति मां सदा

Transliteration

yo vai nindati taṃ mūḍho devadevaṃ sa nindati / yo hi taṃ pūjayed bhaktyā sa pūjayati māṃ sadā

Translation

ผู้ใดหลงผิดกล่าวร้ายพระองค์ ผู้นั้นย่อมกล่าวร้ายจอมเทพแห่งเทพทั้งปวง แต่ผู้ใดบูชาพระองค์ด้วยภักติ ผู้นั้นย่อมบูชาเราเป็นนิตย์

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (emphatic particle)

• निन्दति: reviles, blames
• निन्दति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मूढः: a fool
• मूढः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; apposition to यः

• देवदेवम्: the God of gods
• देवदेवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव-देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (देवानां देवः)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निन्दति: reviles
• निन्दति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निन्द् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: for/indeed)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पूजयेत्: should worship
• पूजयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• भक्त्या: with devotion
• भक्त्या: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• पूजयति: worships
• पूजयति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) teaching the unity of the Supreme as Devadeva

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Devadeva
• Lord Kurma (Vishnu)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It implies a single Supreme Lord worthy of worship; to honor that Supreme is to honor the highest reality itself, while reviling Him is spiritual ignorance (mūḍhatā).

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse foregrounds bhakti as a core discipline: steady, reverent worship (pūjā) directed to the Supreme, which in the Kurma Purana complements yogic restraint and devotion-centered sādhanā.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By using the title Devadeva while spoken by Lord Kurma, it supports a non-sectarian stance: worship of the Supreme Lord is not divided by names or forms, and devotion to that One is devotion to the highest.