Shloka 83

Prāyaścitta for Theft, Forbidden Foods, Impurity, and Ritual Lapses; Tīrtha–Vrata Remedies; Pativratā Mahātmyam via Sītā and Agni

Devanagari script

हुङ्कारं ब्राह्मणस्योक्त्वा त्वङ्कारं च गरीयसः / स्नात्वानश्नन्नहः शेषं प्रणिपत्य प्रसादयेत्

Transliteration

huṅkāraṃ brāhmaṇasyoktvā tvaṅkāraṃ ca garīyasaḥ / snātvānaśnannahaḥ śeṣaṃ praṇipatya prasādayet

Translation

หากผู้ใดกล่าวคำ ‘หุง’ ต่อพราหมณ์ด้วยความดูหมิ่น หรือใช้คำเรียกสนิท ‘ทวํ’ ต่อผู้ควรเคารพยิ่ง พึงอาบน้ำ แล้วงดอาหารตลอดเวลาที่เหลือของวัน จากนั้นกราบลงและขอขมา

Word by Word

• हुङ्कारम्: the utterance ‘huṅ’ (a rude exclamation)
• हुङ्कारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हुङ्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• ब्राह्मणस्य: of a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular

• उक्त्वा: having uttered
• उक्त्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); having said/uttered

• त्वङ्कारम्: the utterance ‘tvaṅ’ (insulting address)
• त्वङ्कारम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वङ्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)

• गरीयसः: of a superior (elder)
• गरीयसः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गरीयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular; comparative used as noun ‘of the superior/elder’

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive); having bathed

• अनश्नन्: not eating
• अनश्नन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘not eating’ (with negation a-)

• अहः: the day
• अहः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular; time-extent

• शेषम्: remaining
• शेषम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative singular; विशेषण (qualifying ahaḥ)

• प्रणिपत्य: having prostrated
• प्रणिपत्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-नि-पत् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund); having bowed down

• प्रसादयेत्: should propitiate
• प्रसादयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-सद् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Optative 3rd sg; परस्मैपद; णिच् (causative) sense ‘should propitiate/please’

Speaker

Sūta (narrating traditional dharma-instructions within the Kurma Purana’s discourse to the sages)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Brāhmaṇa

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It does not directly define Ātman; it teaches dharmic self-discipline—purifying speech and ego through restraint, fasting, and humility—which supports inner clarity valued in the Kurma Purana’s broader spiritual teaching.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse emphasizes preparatory disciplines akin to yama/niyama: control of speech, ritual bathing (śauca), fasting (tapas), and prostration (vinaya). These cultivate the ethical ground on which higher practices—often framed as Pāśupata-oriented devotion and inner purification in the Kurma Purana—can mature.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not explicitly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; it reflects the Purana’s shared dharmic foundation—humility, purity, and reverence for spiritual authority—compatible with both Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava paths that the Kurma Purana often harmonizes.