Shloka 79

Prāyaścitta for Theft, Forbidden Foods, Impurity, and Ritual Lapses; Tīrtha–Vrata Remedies; Pativratā Mahātmyam via Sītā and Agni

Devanagari script

कृत्वा तु शपथं विप्रो विप्रस्य वधसंयुतम् / मृषैव यावकान्नेन कुर्याच्चान्द्रायणं व्रतम्

Transliteration

kṛtvā tu śapathaṃ vipro viprasya vadhasaṃyutam / mṛṣaiva yāvakānnena kuryāccāndrāyaṇaṃ vratam

Translation

หากพราหมณ์ผู้หนึ่งได้ปฏิญาณสาบานอันเกี่ยวเนื่องกับการฆ่าพราหมณ์แล้วกล่าวเท็จ พึงถือพรตไถ่บาปจันทฺรายณะ โดยยังชีพด้วยอาหารยาวกะ (ข้าวบาร์เลย์) เท่านั้น

Word by Word

• कृत्वा: having made/taken
• कृत्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव; ‘having done/made’

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधानार्थक

• शपथम्: an oath
• शपथम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शपथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• विप्रः: a Brahmin
• विप्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन

• विप्रस्य: of a Brahmin
• विप्रस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन

• वध-संयुतम्: involving killing (murder-related)
• वध-संयुतम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘वधेन संयुतम्’ (connected with killing)

• मृषा: falsely
• मृषा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मृषा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; मिथ्यार्थक (falsely)

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक (only/indeed)

• यावक-अन्नेन: with barley-food
• यावक-अन्नेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यावक (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘यावकं अन्नम्’ (barley-food)

• कुर्यात्: should perform
• कुर्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• चान्द्रायणम्: the Cāndrāyaṇa penance
• चान्द्रायणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चान्द्रायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• व्रतम्: vow/observance
• व्रतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन; चान्द्रायणस्य विशेष्य (appositional)

Speaker

Sūta (narrating traditional dharma/prāyaścitta teachings to the sages)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Brahmin (Vipra)
• Cāndrāyaṇa Vrata

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it reinforces that dharma (truthfulness and restraint in speech) is a prerequisite for inner purity—without which realization of the Self is obstructed; ethical discipline functions as the ground for higher yoga and jñāna.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse highlights tapas as a yogic support: Cāndrāyaṇa (austerity regulated by lunar measure) and controlled diet (yāvaka) purify speech and intention, aligning with the Kurma Purana’s broader emphasis on self-restraint as a limb of sādhana.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly; yet the Kurma Purana’s synthesis frames such prāyaścitta as universally dharmic—supporting the same inner purification sought in both Śaiva (Pāśupata) and Vaiṣṇava paths leading toward one Supreme reality.