Shloka 59

Dāna-dharma: Types of Charity, Worthy Recipients, Vrata-Timings, and Śiva–Viṣṇu Propitiation

Devanagari script

यस्तु द्रव्यार्जनं कृत्वा नार्चयेद् ब्राह्मणान् सुरान् / सर्वस्वमपहृत्यैनं राजा राष्ट्रात् प्रवासयेत्

Transliteration

yastu dravyārjanaṃ kṛtvā nārcayed brāhmaṇān surān / sarvasvamapahṛtyainaṃ rājā rāṣṭrāt pravāsayet

Translation

ผู้ใดได้ทรัพย์แล้วไม่บูชาและไม่ให้เกียรติพราหมณ์และเหล่าเทพ พระราชาพึงริบทรัพย์ทั้งหมดของเขาแล้วเนรเทศออกจากแว่นแคว้น।

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; relative pronoun

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/particle (emphasis/contrast)

• द्रव्य-अर्जनम्: acquisition of wealth
• द्रव्य-अर्जनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रव्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (द्रव्यस्य अर्जनम्)

• कृत्वा: having done
• कृत्वा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), ‘having done’

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध/negation particle

• अर्चयेत्: should worship/honor
• अर्चयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• सुरान्: gods
• सुरान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• सर्वस्वम्: all his property
• सर्वस्वम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय ‘सर्वं स्वम्’ = entire property

• अपहृत्य: having confiscated
• अपहृत्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अप-हृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund), ‘having taken away/robbed’

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; pronoun

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• राष्ट्रात्: from the kingdom
• राष्ट्रात्: Apadana (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• प्रवासयेत्: should banish/exile
• प्रवासयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वास् (धातु, causative sense)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; causative ‘to cause to go away/exile’

Speaker

Traditional narration (Purāṇic discourse on rājadharma, framed as instruction within the Kurma Purana’s teaching voice)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Brāhmaṇas
• Devas (Surāḥ)
• Rājā (King)
• Rāṣṭra (Kingdom)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it grounds spiritual life in dharma—wealth must be purified through reverence to devas and service to Brāhmaṇas; such ethical restraint supports inner clarity needed for realizing the Self.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No direct technique is taught; the verse emphasizes yama-like ethical discipline—non-hoarding and honoring sacred obligations—which the Kurma Purana treats as a necessary foundation for higher sādhanā, including Pāśupata-oriented practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It does not name Shiva or Vishnu explicitly; it reflects the Purāṇic synthesis by upholding deva-worship and Brāhmaṇa-honor as universal dharma, a shared foundation for both Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva paths in the Kurma Purana.