Shloka 22

Dāna-dharma: Types of Charity, Worthy Recipients, Vrata-Timings, and Śiva–Viṣṇu Propitiation

Devanagari script

कृष्णाजिने तिलान् कृत्त्वा हिरण्यं मधुसर्पिषी / ददाति यस्तु विप्राय सर्वं तरति दुष्कृतम्

Transliteration

kṛṣṇājine tilān kṛttvā hiraṇyaṃ madhusarpiṣī / dadāti yastu viprāya sarvaṃ tarati duṣkṛtam

Translation

ผู้ใดวางงาบนหนังกวางดำ (กฤษณาชินะ) แล้วถวายแก่พราหมณ์พร้อมทองคำ น้ำผึ้ง และเนยใส ผู้นั้นย่อมข้ามพ้นบาปกรรมทั้งปวง.

Word by Word

• kṛṣṇa-ajine: in/into a black deerskin
• kṛṣṇa-ajine: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + ajina (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• tilān: sesame seeds
• tilān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• kṛttvā: having placed/made
• kṛttvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having made/placed’

• hiraṇyam: gold
• hiraṇyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hiraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• madhu-sarpiṣī: honey and ghee
• madhu-sarpiṣī: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: madhu (प्रातिपदिक) + sarpis (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (honey and ghee); नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), द्विवचन (Dual)

• dadāti: gives
• dadāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); relative pronoun

• tu: indeed/and
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• viprāya: to a Brahmin
• viprāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• sarvam: all
• sarvam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); duṣkṛtam-विशेषण

• tarati: crosses over/overcomes
• tarati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• duṣkṛtam: evil deed/sin
• duṣkṛtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dus (उपसर्ग) + kṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu) instructing in dharma (dāna-prāyaścitta context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu)
• Brāhmaṇa (Vipra)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it teaches purification of the practitioner through dharmic action (dāna), which supports inner clarity needed for realizing the Self; moral cleansing is presented as a practical aid to spiritual progress.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No seated meditation is described; the practice is karma-yoga in a dharmic mode—ritualized giving (dāna) as a purificatory discipline that prepares the mind for higher yoga taught elsewhere in the Kurma Purana (including Pāśupata-oriented restraint and inner purification).

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Though not naming Śiva, the verse reflects the Purana’s integrative ethic: Viṣṇu as Lord Kūrma teaches a dharma of purification and merit that aligns with Śaiva-Pāśupata ideals of cleansing impurities to approach Īśvara.