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Shloka 45

Śrāddha-Kāla-Nirṇaya: Proper Times, Nakṣatra Fruits, Tīrtha Merit, and Offerings for Ancestral Rites

क्रीत्वा लब्ध्वा स्वयं वाथ मृतानाहृत्य वा द्विजः / दद्याच्छ्राद्धे प्रयत्नेन तदस्याक्षयमुच्यते

krītvā labdhvā svayaṃ vātha mṛtānāhṛtya vā dvijaḥ / dadyācchrāddhe prayatnena tadasyākṣayamucyate

ไม่ว่าจะซื้อมา ได้มาเป็นทาน ได้มาด้วยความเพียรของตน หรือแม้เก็บสิ่งที่ผู้ตายทิ้งไว้—หากทวิชะถวายในพิธีศราทธะด้วยความอุตสาหะ ผลบุญนั้นกล่าวว่าเป็น ‘อักษยะ’ คือไม่สิ้นสุด

krītvāhaving bought
krītvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkrī (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यबन्त): ‘having bought’
labdhvāhaving obtained
labdhvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootlabh (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय): ‘having obtained’
svayamoneself
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण): ‘oneself’
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक निपात): ‘or’
athathen/also
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात): ‘then/also’
mṛtānthe dead (ones)
mṛtān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन); used substantively
āhṛtyahaving brought
āhṛtya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-hṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्/क्त्वा-समर्थ): ‘having brought’
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्पार्थक निपात)
dvijaḥa twice-born (Brahmin)
dvijaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dadyātshould give
dadyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdā (धातु)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
śrāddhein the śrāddha rite
śrāddhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
prayatnenawith effort/care
prayatnena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootprayatna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
tatthat (act/result)
tat:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
asyaof him/for him
asya:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक: asmad? actually tad/ idam series)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun ‘of him/of this person’
akṣayaminexhaustible
akṣayam:
Karta (कर्ता-सम्बन्ध/प्रत्यय)
TypeAdjective
Roota-kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective to tat
ucyateis said/is called
ucyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Passive (कर्मणि प्रयोग)

Sūta (narrator) conveying the Kurma Purana’s Śrāddha injunctions as taught in the Purāṇic dialogue

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

D
Dvija
Ś
Śrāddha
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)

FAQs

It does not directly define Ātman; it emphasizes dharma in the form of Pitṛ-yajña—right intention and careful offering in Śrāddha are taught as producing enduring (akṣaya) spiritual merit.

No formal yoga technique is described; the “prayatna” (disciplined care) points to inner attentiveness and purity of resolve, aligning ritual action with a sāttvika mind—an ethical foundation supportive of later yogic instruction in the Purāṇa.

This verse is primarily dharma-ritual instruction and does not explicitly address Śiva–Viṣṇu unity; it fits the Purāṇa’s broader synthesis by treating righteous duty (Śrāddha) as a shared, non-sectarian means to lasting spiritual benefit.