Shloka 31

Dharma of Non-Injury, Non-Stealing, Purity, and Avoidance of Hypocrisy (Ācāra and Saṅkarya-Nivṛtti)

Devanagari script

एकपङ्क्त्युपविष्टा ये न स्पृशन्ति परस्परम् / भस्मना कृतमर्यादा न तेषां संकरो भवेत्

Transliteration

ekapaṅktyupaviṣṭā ye na spṛśanti parasparam / bhasmanā kṛtamaryādā na teṣāṃ saṃkaro bhavet

Translation

ผู้ที่นั่งในแถวเดียวกันแต่ไม่แตะต้องกัน และกำหนดเขตด้วยวิภูติ (เถ้าศักดิ์สิทธิ์)—ในหมู่เขาย่อมไม่เกิดสางกรยะ

Word by Word

• एकपङ्क्ति: in one row
• एकपङ्क्ति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एक-पङ्क्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (एक + पङ्क्ति)

• उपविष्टाः: seated
• उपविष्टाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-√विश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध/negation particle

• स्पृशन्ति: touch
• स्पृशन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्पृश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• परस्परम्: each other
• परस्परम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परस्पर (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; परस्पर-क्रियाविशेषण (reciprocal adverb)

• भस्मना: with ash
• भस्मना: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भस्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कृतमर्यादाः: having established a boundary (with ash)
• कृतमर्यादाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत-मर्यादा (प्रातिपदिक; कृत = √कृ + क्त)
• Form: समासः—कर्मधारय (कृता मर्यादा येषाम्); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• संकरः: mixing/contamination
• संकरः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संकर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• भवेत्: would be/should occur
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Speaker

Traditional narration context (Purāṇic discourse): the teaching voice of the text, commonly framed as Sūta/Vyāsa transmitting dharma-instructions to sages

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Bhasma (Vibhuti)
• Maryada
• Saṅkara

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

This verse is primarily dharma-oriented rather than metaphysical: it emphasizes disciplined boundaries (maryādā) and non-contact rules to preserve ritual order, not a direct exposition of Ātman.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No formal yogic technique is taught here; however, the use of bhasma (vibhūti) reflects a Śaiva discipline of purity and regulated conduct—supporting the broader Kurma Purana ethos where outer observance reinforces inner restraint (yama-niyama-like control).

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Indirectly: the ash-boundary (bhasma) is a Śaiva marker, yet preserved within a Purāṇic dharma framework—showing the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance where Śaiva ritual symbols can function within a wider Vaiṣṇava-Purāṇic order.