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Shloka 15

Yuga-Dharma: The Four Ages, Decline of Dharma, and the Rise of Social Order

वक्ष्यामि ते समासेन युगधर्मान् नरेश्वर / न शक्यते मया पार्थ विस्तरेणाभिभाषितुम्

vakṣyāmi te samāsena yugadharmān nareśvara / na śakyate mayā pārtha vistareṇābhibhāṣitum

ข้าแต่พระราชาแห่งมนุษย์ ข้าพเจ้าจักกล่าวธรรมประจำยุคโดยสังเขป โอปารถะ ข้าพเจ้าไม่อาจอธิบายโดยพิสดารได้

वक्ष्यामिI will tell
वक्ष्यामि:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन; (to you)
समासेनin brief, in summary
समासेन:
Karana (करण/Instrument-manner)
TypeNoun
Rootसमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; साधनभाव (briefly/by summary)
युगधर्मान्duties of the ages
युगधर्मान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयुग + धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समासः—युगस्य धर्माः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
नरेश्वरO lord of men (king)
नरेश्वर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootनर + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; समासः—नराणाम् ईश्वरः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
शक्यतेis possible
शक्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (it is possible)
मयाby me
मया:
Karana (करण/Agent-in-passive)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; कर्तृकरणभाव (by me)
पार्थO Pārtha
पार्थ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन
विस्तरेणin detail
विस्तरेण:
Karana (करण/Manner)
TypeNoun
Rootविस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; प्रकार/रीतिवाचक (in detail)
अभिभाषितुम्to expound, to speak
अभिभाषितुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose-complement)
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + भाष् (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive), परस्मैपद-भाव; (to speak/expound)

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu), teaching the inquirer (a royal interlocutor) on yuga-dharma

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

L
Lord Kurma
Y
Yuga-dharma
N
Nareśvara (the king)

FAQs

This verse does not define Ātman directly; it frames a dharma-teaching method—giving a concise, practical outline suited to human capacity, a common Purāṇic approach where spiritual realization is supported through yuga-appropriate discipline.

No specific yoga technique is named in this verse; it signals a structured instruction on yuga-dharma, which in the Kurma Purana typically includes age-appropriate disciplines such as japa, vrata, dāna, and devotion—foundational supports for later yogic and theistic teachings.

The verse itself is neutral, focusing on dharma pedagogy; within the Kurma Purana’s broader Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis, such dharma instructions function as shared groundwork leading toward integrated devotion and yoga rather than sectarian division.