Shloka 58
Adhyaya 242 — Bondage Through the Guṇas: Transmigration, Misidentification, and Ascetic Practices
Devanagari script
न तूपयुज्यते देवैर् देवान् अपि युनक्ति सः ममत्वं क्षपयित्वा तु जायते नृपसत्तम प्रकृतेस् त्रिगुणायास् तु स एव त्रिगुणो भवेत् //
Translation
ดูก่อนพราหมณ์ผู้ประเสริฐ ข้าพเจ้าได้กล่าวถึงหลักการแห่งสางขยะนี้แก่ท่านแล้ว เมื่อรู้แจ้งแล้ว สรรพชีวิตย่อมหลุดพ้นจากความกลัวและพันธนาการแห่งวัฏสงสาร
Word by Word
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध (particle of negation/निषेधाव्यय)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विरोध (conj./particle; ‘but/indeed’)
upayujyateis employed/used
upayujyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa√yuj (धातु: युज्)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)
devaiḥby the gods
devaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (plural)
devānthe gods
devān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि (particle: also/even)
yunaktiyokes/joins/engages
yunakti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√yuj (धातु: युज्)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg), परस्मैपद
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक: सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (sg)
mamatvamsense of ‘mine’/possessiveness
mamatvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmamatva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neut.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (sg)
kṣapayitvāhaving destroyed
kṣapayitvā:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṣapayitvā (कृदन्त; √kṣi/√kṣap ‘क्षप्/क्षि’ causative sense)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having destroyed/caused to perish’
tuthen/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विरोध (particle)
jāyateis born/arises
jāyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jan (धातु: जन्)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg), आत्मनेपद
nṛpa-sattamaO best of kings
nṛpa-sattama:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (sg); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (nṛpāṇāṃ sattamaḥ)
prakṛteḥof Prakṛti/nature
prakṛteḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootprakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (sg)
triguṇāyāḥof the three-guṇa (one)
triguṇāyāḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (fem.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (sg); द्विगु/तत्पुरुष-समासार्थ (three-guṇas)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विरोध (particle)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक: सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg)
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण (emphatic particle)
triguṇaḥthree-guṇa (constituted by three qualities)
triguṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masc.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg); ‘three-guṇa-possessing/threefold in guṇas’
bhavetwould become/may become
bhavet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु: भू)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg), परस्मैपद
Speaker
Teacher addressing a king (explicit vocative: nṛpasattama)