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Shloka 20

Bhīṣmadeva’s Passing Away in the Presence of Lord Kṛṣṇa

यं मन्यसे मातुलेयं प्रियं मित्रं सुहृत्तमम् । अकरो: सचिवं दूतं सौहृदादथ सारथिम् ॥ २० ॥

yaṁ manyase mātuleyaṁ priyaṁ mitraṁ suhṛttamam akaroḥ sacivaṁ dūtaṁ sauhṛdād atha sārathim

ข้าแต่มหาราช บุคคลผู้ซึ่งด้วยความไม่รู้ท่านคิดว่าเป็นลูกพี่ลูกน้องฝ่ายมารดา เป็นมิตรอันเป็นที่รัก เป็นสหายผู้หวังดี และด้วยไมตรีท่านแต่งตั้งเป็นที่ปรึกษา เป็นทูต เป็นผู้เกื้อกูล และเป็นสารถี—ผู้นั้นเองคือพระผู้เป็นเจ้า ศรีกฤษณะ

यम्whom
यम्:
कर्म (Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मन्यसेyou think/consider
मन्यसे:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन
मातुलेयम्maternal cousin
मातुलेयम्:
कर्म (Object; apposition to यम्)
TypeNoun
Rootमातुलेय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रियम्dear
प्रियम्:
विशेषण (to यम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
मित्रम्friend
मित्रम्:
कर्म (Object; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भावे/सम्बोधनार्थे मित्र-शब्दः (here as appellation)
सुहृत्तमम्best well-wisher
सुहृत्तमम्:
विशेषण (to यम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुहृत् + तमप् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तमप्-प्रत्यय (superlative)
अकरोःyou made
अकरोः:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन
सचिवम्minister, companion
सचिवम्:
कर्म (Object; complement of अकरोः)
TypeNoun
Rootसचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
दूतम्messenger
दूतम्:
कर्म (Object; complement)
TypeNoun
Rootदूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
सौहृदात्out of friendship
सौहृदात्:
हेतु/अपादान (Cause/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootसौहृद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
अथand then
अथ:
सम्बन्धसूचक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अनन्तर (particle: then/and)
सारथिम्charioteer
सारथिम्:
कर्म (Object; complement)
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, although acting as the cousin, brother, friend, well-wisher, counselor, messenger, benefactor, etc., of the Pāṇḍavas, was still the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Out of His causeless mercy and favor upon His unalloyed devotees, He performs all kinds of service, but that does not mean that He has changed His position as the Absolute Person. To think of Him as an ordinary man is the grossest type of ignorance.

B
Bhīṣmadeva
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira Mahārāja
L
Lord Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

This verse highlights that Kṛṣṇa accepted even the role of charioteer out of affection and loving relationship with His devotee, showing how the Lord willingly serves those devoted to Him.

Bhīṣma is pointing out Kṛṣṇa’s extraordinary humility and intimacy with the Pāṇḍavas—though supreme, He accepted subordinate services—so Yudhiṣṭhira may recognize the Lord’s mercy and be consoled and strengthened in dharma.

Cultivate devotion expressed as service: approach God not only as distant ruler but as the closest well-wisher, and translate affection into practical acts—prayer, remembrance, and serving others as His devotees.