Shloka 37

Kṛṣṇa’s Queens, Their Sons, and Balarāma’s Victory over Rukmī at Dice

Aniruddha–Rocanā Marriage Context

Devanagari script

कलिङ्गराजं तरसा गृहीत्वा दशमे पदे । दन्तानपातयत् क्रुद्धो योऽहसद् विवृतैर्द्विजै: ॥ ३७ ॥

Transliteration

kaliṅga-rājaṁ tarasā gṛhītvā daśame pade dantān apātayat kruddho yo ’hasad vivṛtair dvijaiḥ

Translation

กษัตริย์แห่งกลิงคะ ผู้เคยหัวเราะเยาะพระพลรามพร้อมอ้าปากโชว์ฟัน พยายามหนีไป แต่พระองค์ผู้กริ้วทรงฉวยจับเขาได้อย่างรวดเร็วในก้าวที่สิบ แล้วทรงทำให้ฟันของเขาหลุดร่วงหมดสิ้น

Synonyms

• kaliṅga-rājam: the king of Kaliṅga
• kaliṅga-rājam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaliṅga (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘कलिङ्गानां राजा’

• tarasā: with force
• tarasā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: taras (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), तृतीया, एकवचन

• gṛhītvā: having seized
• gṛhītvā: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √grah (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): ‘गृहीत्वा’ = having seized

• daśame: at the tenth
• daśame: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: daśama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; क्रमवाचक (ordinal) विशेषण

• pade: step/place
• pade: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• dantān: teeth
• dantān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: danta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• apātayat: made (them) fall/knocked out
• apātayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-√pat (धातु, causative)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रेरणार्थ (causative): ‘पातयति’ = causes to fall

• kruddhaḥ: angry
• kruddhaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: krudh (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)

• ahasat: laughed
• ahasat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: has (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• vivṛtaiḥ: with open (mouths)
• vivṛtaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi-√vṛ (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; ‘विवृत’ = opened/wide (here: with open mouths)

• dvijaiḥ: by the twice-born (brāhmaṇas)
• dvijaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvija (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Kṛṣṇa
• King of Kaliṅga

FAQs

What does the Srimad Bhagavatam say about pride and mockery in Krishna’s pastimes?

This verse shows that derisive laughter and arrogant mockery invite swift correction; Kṛṣṇa upholds dignity and dharma by restraining those who disrespect others.

Why did Krishna punish the King of Kalinga in Bhagavatam 10.61.37?

Because the King of Kaliṅga laughed with bared teeth in a taunting, disrespectful way; Kṛṣṇa, angered by this insolence, seized him and knocked out his teeth.

Practical application of this Bhagavatam teaching in modern life?

Avoid humiliating or mocking others; cultivate humility and respectful speech, knowing that arrogance and ridicule create karmic reactions and social harm.