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Shloka 19

The Killing of Ariṣṭāsura and Kaṁsa’s Plot to Summon Kṛṣṇa

निवारितो नारदेन तत्सुतौ मृत्युमात्मन: । ज्ञात्वा लोहमयै: पाशैर्बबन्ध सह भार्यया ॥ १९ ॥

nivārito nāradena tat-sutau mṛtyum ātmanaḥ jñātvā loha-mayaiḥ pāśair babandha saha bhāryayā

แต่นารทห้ามกังสะไว้ โดยเตือนว่า “ความตายของท่านจะมาจากโอรสทั้งสองของวสุเทวะ” ครั้นรู้ดังนี้ กังสะจึงล่ามวสุเทวะพร้อมภรรยาด้วยโซ่เหล็ก

nivāritaḥwas restrained
nivāritaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√vṛ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘restrained/prevented’
nāradenaby Nārada
nāradena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnārada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tat-sutauhis two sons
tat-sutau:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘his sons’; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन
mṛtyumdeath
mṛtyum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ātmanaḥof himself
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
jñātvāhaving understood
jñātvā:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund): ‘having known/understood’
loha-mayaiḥmade of iron
loha-mayaiḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootloha (प्रातिपदिक) + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (material/निर्माणार्थ): ‘made of iron’; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (qualifying pāśaiḥ)
pāśaiḥwith fetters/nooses
pāśaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
babandhabound
babandha:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bandh (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘bound’
sahatogether with
saha:
Sahakari (सहकारी)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaha (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्गसदृश अव्यय/सह-योगे (prepositional indeclinable): ‘together with’
bhāryayā(his) wife
bhāryayā:
Sahakari (सहकारी)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Kaṁsa realized that there was no use in killing Vasudeva, since it was Vasudeva’s sons, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, who were to kill him. According to the ācāryas, Nārada also advised Kaṁsa that if he killed Vasudeva the two young boys might flee and that it was therefore better not to kill him. Rather, Nārada recommended, Kaṁsa should bring Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma to Kaṁsa’s capital city, Mathurā.

N
Nārada
K
Kaṁsa
D
Devakī
V
Vasudeva

FAQs

This verse shows Nārada intervening to redirect events—preventing Kaṁsa from killing Devakī’s sons—while the divine plan continues to unfold toward Kaṁsa’s destined end.

After being restrained by Nārada and realizing that his death would come through Devakī’s sons, Kaṁsa chose imprisonment and control—binding Devakī and Vasudeva in iron fetters to prevent the prophecy from manifesting.

Fear-driven control only deepens bondage; wise counsel (like Nārada’s) can restrain destructive impulses, but lasting safety comes from aligning actions with dharma rather than reacting from paranoia.