Atharva Veda 4.11.4 — Kanda 4, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 11, Mantra 4

Sukta 11

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अ॒न॒ड्वान् दु॑हे सुकृ॒तस्य॑ लो॒क ऐनं॑ प्याययति॒ पव॑मानः पु॒रस्ता॑त्। प॒र्जन्यो॒ धारा॑ म॒रुत॒ ऊधो॑ अस्य य॒ज्ञः पयो॒ दक्षि॑णा॒ दोहो॑ अस्य

IAST Transliteration

anaḍvā́n dúhe sukṛtásya loká énām pyāyayati pavámānaḥ purástāt | párjanyo dhā́rā marúta ū́dho asya yajñáḥ páyo dákṣiṇā dóho asya

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The Draught-ox is milked in the realm of merit; the Purifying One from the forepart maketh him to thrive. Parjanya is the stream; the Maruts are his udder: the Sacrifice is milk, and the priestly gift is his milking.

Translation

โคผู้ลากไถถูกรีดน้ำนมในโลกแห่งกุศลกรรม; ผู้ชำระให้บริสุทธิ์ ปวะมานะ (Pavamāna) จากเบื้องหน้า ทำให้เขาเจริญงอกงาม. ปรัชญัญยะ (Parjanya) คือสายธารของเขา; มรุต (Marut) คือเต้านมของเขา: ยัชญะ (yajña) คือน้ำนม และทักษิณา (dakṣiṇā, ทานพิธีกรรม) คือการรีดน้ำนมของเขา.

Word by Word

• अनड्वान्: the bull (draught-ox)
• अनड्वान्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनडुह् (प्रातिपदिक) / अनड्वत्-

• दुहे: milks / yields milk
• दुहे: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुह् (धातु)

• सुकृतस्य: of good deed / of merit
• सुकृतस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुकृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• लोकः: world; realm
• लोकः: कर्तृ (सम्बन्ध/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)

• एनम्: him / this one
• एनम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्याययति: makes swell; nourishes; fattens
• प्याययति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्याय्/प्या (धातु; caus.)

• पवमानः: the purifying one (Soma/wind)
• पवमानः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: पवमान (कृदन्त; √पू ‘to purify/blow’)

• पुरस्तात्: in front; from the east; beforehand
• पुरस्तात्: अधिकरण (देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरस् + तात् (अव्यय-निर्माण)

• पर्जन्यः: Parjanya (rain-god); rain
• पर्जन्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• धारा: stream; flow
• धारा: कर्तृ/विधेय (समासार्थे)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारा (प्रातिपदिक)

• मरुतः: the Maruts (storm-gods/winds)
• मरुतः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऊधः: udder
• ऊधः: कर्तृ/विधेय
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊधस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्य: of him / of this
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice; rite
• यज्ञः: कर्तृ/विधेय
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• पयः: milk; sap
• पयः: कर्तृ/विधेय
• Type: Noun
• Root: पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दक्षिणा: priestly fee; gift
• दक्षिणा: कर्तृ/विधेय
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक)

• दोहः: milking; yield
• दोहः: कर्तृ/विधेय
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोह (प्रातिपदिक; from √दुह्)

• अस्य: of him / of this
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition

Devata: Anaḍvān as prosperity-bearer; associated deities: Pavāmāna, Parjanya, Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh-like

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta