Atharva Veda 2.27.5: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 27, Mantra 5

Sukta 27

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तया॒हं शत्रू॑न्त्साक्ष॒ इन्द्रः॑ सालावृ॒काँ इ॑व । प्राशं॒ प्रति॑प्राशो जह्यर॒सान् कृ॑ण्वोषधे

IAST Transliteration

tayā́haṁ śatrū́n tsākṣa índraḥ sālāvr̥kā́m̐ iva | prāśáṁ práti-prāśo jahy arásān kr̥ṇvoṣadhe

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

With that (herb) may I prevail over foes, as Indra (prevails) over jackals. By the bite, by the counter-bite, smite them; make them sapless, O Herb.

Translation

ด้วยสมุนไพรนั้น ขอให้ข้าพเจ้าครอบงำศัตรูทั้งหลาย ดุจอินทรา (Indra) ครอบงำหมาไน. ด้วยการกัดกิน (प्राश) ด้วยการกัดสวน (प्रतिप्राश) จงตีพวกเขา; จงทำให้พวกเขาไร้น้ำเลี้ยง โอสมุนไพร (ओषधि).

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Word by Word

• तया: by/with that (female; i.e., with that [herb/charm])
• तया: करण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• शत्रून्: enemies
• शत्रून्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)

• साक्षे: I overcome / I prevail over
• साक्षे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह् (धातु) + आङ् (उपसर्ग) → साक्ष्/सह् (वेद. प्रयोगः); रूपम्: साक्षे

• इन्द्रः: Indra (as/like Indra)
• इन्द्रः: कर्तृ (उपमान/विशेषण-भावे ‘अहम्’ प्रति)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सालावृकान्: jackals / hyenas (lit. ‘sālā-vṛka’ wild canids)
• सालावृकान्: कर्म (उपमेयः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सालावृक (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• प्राशम्: the devouring / the act of eating up
• प्राशम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-आश् (धातु) / प्राश (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ‘eating, devouring’)

• प्रतिप्राशः: the counter-devouring; the one who eats back (counter-agent)
• प्रतिप्राशः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रति-प्र-आश् (धातु) → प्रतिप्राश (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• जह्य: strike down! kill!
• जह्य: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)

• अरासान्: the harmful/poisonous ones; the ill-intentioned
• अरासान्: कर्म
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अरास (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृण्व: make! render!
• कृण्व: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• ओषधे: O herb! O healing plant!
• ओषधे: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic seer (traditionally assigned within the AV medicinal corpus; specific r̥ṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī tradition for this hymn).

Devata: Oṣadhi (Herb) with Indra as the victorious model invoked by identification.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; common for such Atharvanic healing/apotropaic verses).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: vira

Secondary: adbhuta