Sutra 5

Devanagari script

चतुर्थमंशं धान्यानां बीजभक्तशुद्धं च हिरण्येन क्रीणीयात् ॥ कZ_०५.२.०५ ॥

Transliteration

caturtham aṃśaṃ dhānyānāṃ bījabhaktaśuddhaṃ ca hiraṇyena krīṇīyāt

Translation

เขาควรใช้เงินสดซื้อธัญญาหารหนึ่งในสี่ส่วน โดยหักส่วนที่เป็นเมล็ดพันธุ์และเสบียงยังชีพออก (คือไม่เอาส่วนที่จำเป็นต่อการหว่านและการดำรงชีพพื้นฐาน)

Word by Word

• चतुर्थम्: a fourth (part)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थ
• Form: विशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कर्मपद)

• अंशम्: share, portion
• Type: Noun
• Root: अंश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कर्म)

• धान्यानाम्: of grains, of grain-produce
• Type: Noun
• Root: धान्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; बहुवचन; षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध)

• बीजभक्तशुद्धम्: purified/cleared by deducting seed and rations
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुद्ध
• Form: विशेषणम्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; ‘अंशम्’ इति कर्मपदं विशेषयति; बीजेन भक्तेन च शुद्धम् (अपहृत/वियोजित)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• हिरण्येन: with money, by payment in gold/cash
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; तृतीया (करण)

• क्रीणीयात्: should buy, should purchase
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्री (क्रीणाति)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; लोट्-अर्थे विधिः—‘should buy’

Entities Mentioned

• state procurement
• grain holders (implied)

More Details

FAQs

How does this differ from forced requisition?

It prescribes purchase (krīṇīyāt) using cash, implying compensation and market-like acquisition rather than confiscation.

Why specify ‘net of seed and subsistence’?

To prevent undermining next season’s production and immediate survival—protecting both future revenue and social stability.