Sutra 8
Devanagari script
वैराज्यं तु जीवतः परस्याच्छिद्य नैतन्मम इति मन्यमानः कर्शयति अपवाहयति पण्यं वा करोति विरक्तं वा परित्यज्यापगच्छतीति ॥ कZ_०८.२.०८ ॥
Transliteration
vairājyaṃ tu jīvataḥ parasyācchidya naitan mama iti manyamānaḥ karśayati apavāhayati paṇyaṃ vā karoti viraktaṃ vā parityajyāpagacchatīti
Translation
แต่ผู้ที่ฉวยเอาส่วนแห่งราชอำนาจในขณะที่อีกฝ่ายยังมีชีวิตอยู่—โดยคิดว่า ‘นี่ไม่ใช่ของเรา’—ย่อมทำให้แว่นแคว้นร่อยหรอ, ดูดทรัพยากรออกไป, เปลี่ยนทรัพย์สาธารณะให้เป็นการค้าส่วนตัว; หรือเมื่อหมดใจแล้วก็ทอดทิ้งและจากไป.
Word by Word
वैराज्यम्unlawful appropriation (of another’s property/rights)
वैराज्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवैराज्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formनिपात (विरोध/विशेषार्थे)
जीवतःof a living (person)
जीवतः:
TypeNoun (participle used adjectivally)
Rootजीवत्
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (जीवत्-शब्द)
परस्यof another (person)
परस्य:
TypePronoun/Adjective (substantivized)
Rootपर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी
आच्छिद्यhaving seized/robbed (having taken away)
आच्छिद्य:
TypeVerb (absolutive)
Rootआ-छिद्
Formक्त्वान्त (ल्यप्), उपसर्ग: आ-, अर्थ: ‘आच्छिद्य’ = छित्वा/अपहृत्य
नnot
न:
TypeParticle
Rootन
Formनिषेध
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया
ममmine/of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन (अस्मद्-शब्द)
इतिthus (thinking/quoting)
इति:
TypeParticle/Quotative
Rootइति
Formइत्यादि-निर्देश/वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थ
मन्यमानःthinking/supposing
मन्यमानः:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
Formलट्-प्रत्ययार्थक वर्तमानकाले, आत्मनेपद, शतृ-प्रत्यय (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा
कर्शयतिhe damages/impairs; he causes loss
कर्शयति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृश्/कर्श्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, causative/denominative sense: ‘to make lean; to harass/impair’
अपवाहयतिhe carries off/causes to be taken away
अपवाहयति:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-वाह्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, णिच् (causative): ‘to cause to be carried off’
पण्यम्merchandise/goods
पण्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपण्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात
करोतिhe does/makes
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
विरक्तम्spoiled/unsaleable
विरक्तम्:
TypeAdjective (past participle used adjectivally)
Rootविरक्त
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (or पुंलिङ्ग द्वितीया depending on implied noun)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात
परित्यज्यhaving abandoned/left behind
परित्यज्य:
TypeVerb (absolutive)
Rootपरि-त्यज्
Formक्त्वान्त (ल्यप्), उपसर्ग: परि-
अपगच्छतिhe goes away/departs
अपगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-गम्
Formलट्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
इतिthus (this is said/defined)
इति:
TypeParticle/Quotative
Rootइति
Formइत्यर्थे वाक्यसमाप्ति
Entities Mentioned
C
co-rulerR
realm/stateFAQs
Short-term extraction: over-taxing/exhausting the realm, diverting revenues, privatizing state assets, or abandoning the state when disillusioned.
Privatization-by-corruption: converting public office and public assets into private commercial gain.