Sutra 38

Devanagari script

दुर्गार्पणः कोशो दण्डस्तूष्णीं युद्धं स्वपक्षनिग्रहो दण्डबलव्यवहार आसारप्रतिग्रहः परचक्राटवीप्रतिषेधश्च ॥ कZ_०८.१.३८ ॥

Transliteration

durgārpaṇaḥ kośo daṇḍastūṣṇīṃ yuddhaṃ svapakṣanigraho daṇḍabalavyavahāra āsārapratigrahaḥ paracakrāṭavīpratiṣedhaśca

Translation

หน้าที่ของป้อมปราการคือ: เป็นที่เก็บคลังทรัพย์; เป็นฐานของอำนาจบังคับ (ทัณฑะ); เป็นเวทีของสงครามลับ/เงียบ; เป็นเครื่องมือควบคุมพวกเดียวกัน; เป็นที่ใช้กำลังอาวุธ; เป็นที่รับผู้ลี้ภัย/ผู้แปรพักตร์; และเป็นแนวกั้นต่อกองทัพศัตรูและพวกปล้นสะดมจากป่า

Word by Word

• दुर्गार्पणः: allocation/expenditure for forts; fortification outlay
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: अर्पण (√अर्प्) / दुर्ग
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः; दुर्गस्य अर्पणः = दुर्गे/दुर्गार्थं समर्पणम्

• कोशः: treasury
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: कोश
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः

• दण्डः: punishment / coercive power
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः

• तूष्णीम्: silently; secretly
• Type: Indeclinable (Avyaya)
• Root: तूष्णीम्
• Form: अव्ययम्; क्रियाविशेषणम्

• युद्धम्: war
• Type: Noun (neut.)
• Root: युध् (युद्ध)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्

• स्वपक्षनिग्रहः: restraint/control of one’s own side (faction)
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: निग्रह (√ग्रह् + नि) / स्वपक्ष
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः; स्वस्य पक्षस्य निग्रहः

• दण्डबलव्यवहारः: application of coercion and force; punitive/forceful measures
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: व्यवहार (√हृ + वि-अव) / दण्ड / बल
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः; दण्डेन बलेन च व्यवहारः = दण्ड-बल-प्रयोगात्मकः आचार/प्रवृत्तिः

• आसारप्रतिग्रहः: repelling an attack/raid; countering an assault
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: प्रतिग्रह (√ग्रह् + प्रति) / आसार
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः; आसारस्य प्रतिग्रहः

• परचक्राटवीप्रतिषेधः: blocking/denying enemy forces and forest (āṭavika) threats
• Type: Noun (masc.)
• Root: प्रतिषेध (√षिध्/√सिध् + प्रति) / परचक्र / अटवी
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनः, पुंलिङ्गः; परचक्रस्य अटव्याः च प्रतिषेधः (द्वन्द्वार्थ-समाहारः)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

Entities Mentioned

• durga
• kośa
• daṇḍa
• svapakṣa
• āsāra
• paracakra
• āṭavī (āṭavika threats)

More Details

FAQs

What does 'tūṣṇīṃ yuddham' imply in governance terms?

Non-declared conflict tools—espionage, inducement, sabotage, psychological operations—run from secure bases.

Why is 'svapakṣanigraha' listed as a fort-function?

Forts are instruments of internal control: they deter mutiny, enforce discipline, and provide secure detention and coercive presence.