Sutra 5
Devanagari script
आरम्भसाम्ये यः सर्वसंदोहेन प्रयातस्य पार्ष्णिं गृह्णाति सोऽतिसंधत्ते ॥ कZ_०७.१३.०५ ॥
Transliteration
ārambhasāmye yaḥ sarvasaṃdohena prayātasya pārṣṇiṃ gṛhṇāti so’tisaṃdhatte
Translation
เมื่อการระดมกำลังสูสีกัน ผู้ใดฉวยยึดด้านหลังของกษัตริย์ที่ยกทัพออกไปด้วยกำลังทั้งหมด ผู้นั้นย่อมทำเกินเลย (วางอุบายเกินควร)
Word by Word
आरम्भ-साम्येwhen there is parity at the start (of an operation/battle)
आरम्भ-साम्ये:
TypeNoun
Rootआरम्भ; साम्य
Formसप्तमी एकवचनम्; नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘आरम्भस्य साम्ये’ = आरम्भसाम्ये (समास)
यःwho (he who)
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formप्रथमा एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्गम्; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
सर्व-संदोहेनwith the entire force/mass (in full concentration)
सर्व-संदोहेन:
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व; संदोह
Formतृतीया एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-प्रयोगः; ‘सर्वेण संदोहेन’ = with the entire mass/force
प्रयातस्यof one who has advanced/marched forth
प्रयातस्य:
TypeVerb (participial)
Rootप्र-या (याः)
Formभूतकृदन्तः (क्त); षष्ठी एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्गम्; ‘प्रयात’ = having marched/advanced; ‘प्रयातस्य’ = of one who has advanced
पार्ष्णिम्the heel; i.e., the rear (of the advancing force)
पार्ष्णिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्ष्णि
Formद्वितीया एकवचनम्; स्त्रीलिङ्गम्; ‘पार्ष्णि’ = heel; लाक्षणिकः—पृष्ठभागः/अनुगमनस्थलम्
गृह्णातिseizes/takes hold of
गृह्णाति:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formलट् लकारः; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formप्रथमा एकवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्गम्
अति-संधत्तेovermatches/overreaches (gains an excessive advantage)
अति-संधत्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा (धा)
Formलट् लकारः; आत्मनेपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; उपसर्गः: अति- + सम्-; धातुः: धा; अर्थः: ‘अतिसंधत्ते’ = अत्यधिकं संधानं करोति/अतिसन्धिं करोति
Entities Mentioned
S
sarvasaṃdoha (entire force)FAQs
Because the opponent’s full force is already concentrated and politically committed; retaliation can be swift and decisive.