Sutra 11

Devanagari script

विपरीता बलवत्सामन्ता कोशदण्डावच्छेदनी च भूमिर्भवति ॥ कZ_०७.१०.११ ॥

Transliteration

viparītā balavatsāmantā kośadaṇḍāvacchedanī ca bhūmirbhavati

Translation

ในทางตรงข้าม หากเจ้าเมืองข้างเคียงเข้มแข็ง ดินแดนนั้นจะกลายเป็นสิ่งที่บั่นทอนคลังและกองทัพ (โกศ-ทัณฑะ)

Word by Word

• विपरीताः: hostile, turned against (one)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपरीत
• Form: विशेषण; प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्ग (सामन्ताः इति पदस्य विशेषणम्)

• बलवत्: powerful, strong
• Type: Adjective (indeclinable-like usage)
• Root: बलवत्
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्राय प्रयोगः; नपुंसकलिङ्गे एकवचनम्/अव्ययवत्; ‘सामन्ताः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (अर्थतः ‘बलवन्तः’)

• सामन्ताः: neighbouring/feudatory kings (border rulers)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन्त
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्; पुल्लिङ्ग

• कोशदण्डावच्छेदनी: that which cuts off/diminishes the treasury and the coercive power (army/punishment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवच्छेदनी
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; ‘भूमिः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; समासः: कोश-दण्ड (द्वन्द्वः) + अवच्छेदनी (तत्पुरुषः: ‘कोशदण्डयोः अवच्छेदनी’)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• भूमिः: land/territory
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• भवति: becomes/is
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: लट्-लकारः; प्रथमपुरुषः; एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

Entities Mentioned

• sāmanta (neighboring ruler)
• kośa (treasury)
• daṇḍa (army/coercive force)

More Details

FAQs

What is meant by land that 'cuts down' kośa and daṇḍa?

A holding that demands continuous spending on garrisons, campaigns, and administration, thereby depleting revenue and degrading military readiness.

What strategic implication follows for annexation decisions?

Avoid acquisitions that create an expensive border against a stronger neighbor unless compensating defenses, alliances, or fort networks are secured.