Agni Purana — Dharma-shastra, Shloka 4
प्रायश्चित्तानि (Expiations) — Association-Impurity, Purification Rites, and Graded Penance
निन्दिते ऽहनि सायाह्णे ज्ञात्यृत्विग् गुरुसन्निधौ दासो घटमपां पूर्णं पर्यस्येत् प्रेतवत्पदा
nindite 'hani sāyāhṇe jñātyṛtvig gurusannidhau dāso ghaṭamapāṃ pūrṇaṃ paryasyet pretavatpadā
ในวันอัปมงคล เวลาเย็นย่ำ ต่อหน้าญาติ พราหมณ์ผู้ประกอบพิธี (ฤตวิช) และอาจารย์ ให้คนรับใช้ใช้เท้าคว่ำหม้อน้ำที่เต็มน้ำลง ตามแบบพิธีที่กำหนดไว้สำหรับกรรมเกี่ยวกับเปรต (วิญญาณผู้ล่วงลับ)
Lord Agni (narrating Agni Purana’s ritual instructions to the sage Vasiṣṭha)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Vrata","practical_application":"To give a concrete expiatory/impurity-marking procedure: on a specified inauspicious day and time, in front of ritual authorities, a servant overturns a full water-pot with the foot, mimicking preta-rite protocol to signify exclusion/ritual death-like status.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Preta-like rite for the fallen: overturning the water-pot by foot (ghaṭa-paryāsa)","lookup_keywords":["aśauca","preta","ghaṭa","pāda","nindita-ahani"],"quick_summary":"A formalized act—overturning a water-filled pot with the foot in the late afternoon on an inauspicious day, witnessed by kin, priests, and guru—marks a preta-like ritual handling connected to impurity/expiation."}
Concept: Ritual symbolism can enact social-ritual separation; impurity is managed through time, witnesses, and prescribed gestures.
Application: If such a rite is required by one’s dharma-tradition, perform it with correct timing, witnesses, and gesture to avoid procedural fault (pratyavāya).
Khanda Section: Śrāddha & Aśauca (Funerary rites, impurity-removal, and expiatory ritual procedure)
Primary Rasa: bhayanaka
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Late afternoon ritual: a servant tips a brimming water-pot with his foot; water spills across the ground while relatives, priests, and the guru watch solemnly, evoking a preta-related rite.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, dusk-toned courtyard scene; servant in simple attire overturning a decorated ghaṭa with foot; priests with sacred thread and ritual staffs, guru seated; stylized flowing water and solemn faces.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, dramatic central ghaṭa with gold accents, water rendered as stylized streams; witnesses in ornate attire; strong contrast of auspicious gold with inauspicious act, framed by temple-like arch.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, clear instructional depiction of posture: foot contacting pot, angle of overturning, witnesses positioned; soft palette, precise gesture emphasis.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, detailed architecture and courtyard tiles; captured moment of pot tipping and water splash; observers in a semicircle, refined expressions, late-afternoon light."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"epic","suggested_raga":"Bhairav","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: nindite 'hani → nindite ahani; jñātyṛtvig → jñāti-ṛtvij; gurusannidhau → guru-sannidhau; ghaṭamapām → ghaṭam apām; pretavatpadā → preta-vat padā.
Related Themes: Agni Purana: aśauca and śrāddha-related procedural passages; Agni Purana: prāyaścitta rites involving symbolic acts and witnesses
FAQs
It prescribes a specific expiatory/funerary-style act: overturning a water-filled pot with the foot, performed at a defined time (late afternoon) and under formal witnesses (kinsmen, priests, guru) as part of preta-related purification procedure.
It records granular procedural details of śrāddha/preta-karma and aśauca-śuddhi—showing the text’s coverage beyond theology into applied ritual law, timing rules, officiant roles, and prescribed actions.
The act functions as a purification/expiation marker connected with death-impurity and preta-rites, aiming to neutralize inauspiciousness and restore ritual cleanliness under proper authority and witness.