HomeVaraha PuranaAdhyaya 97Shloka 34
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Varaha Purana 97.34: Adhyaya 97, Shloka 34

The Glory of Rudra: The Origin of the Kapālamocana Pilgrimage Site and Rudra’s Expiatory Vow

भव रुद्र विरूपाक्ष लोकमार्गे व्यास्थितः ॥ व्रतानि कुरु ते देव त्वच्छीर्णानि महाप्रभो ॥ कपालं गृहीत्वा यद्भ्रान्तं कपालव्यग्रपाणिना ॥ तद्व्रतं नग्नकपालं भविष्यति नृणां भुवि

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 97.34

bhava rudra virūpākṣa lokamārge vyāsthitaḥ || vratāni kuru te deva tvacchīrṇāni mahāprabho || kapālaṃ gṛhītvā yad bhrāntaṃ kapālavyagrapāṇinā || tad vrataṃ nagnakāpālaṃ bhaviṣyati nṛṇāṃ bhuvi

‘ఓ భవా, ఓ రుద్రా, ఓ విరూపాక్షా, లోకమార్గంలో స్థితుడవై ఉండు. ఓ దేవా, ఓ మహాప్రభో, నీవు ఆచరించిన వ్రతములను నిర్వహించు. కపాలాన్ని చేతిలో పట్టుకొని, కపాలముపై ఆసక్తిగల చేతితో చేసిన ఆ సంచారం—అదే వ్రతం భూమిపై మనుష్యులలో “నగ్నకపాల” అనే పేరుతో ప్రసిద్ధమగును.’

bhavaO Bhava (Śiva)
bhava:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
rudraO Rudra
rudra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
virūpākṣaO one with strange/uneven eyes (Virūpākṣa)
virūpākṣa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvirūpa + akṣa (प्रातिपदिक); virūpākṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular; बहुव्रीहि: ‘विरूपे अक्षिणी यस्य’
loka-mārgeon the path of the world
loka-mārge:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootloka + mārga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; तत्पुरुष: लोकस्य मार्गः
vyāsthitaḥstationed/standing
vyāsthitaḥ:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (धातु) + vi-ā (उपसर्ग); vyāsthita (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/कर्मणि), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ‘स्थितः’ = stationed/placed
vratānivows/observances
vratāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvrata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
kurudo/perform
kuru:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormLoṭ-lakāra (लोट्, imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Singular
tefor you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun; Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; ‘to/for you’
devaO god
deva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
tvac-chīrṇāni(vows) involving torn/peeled skin
tvac-chīrṇāni:
Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottvac (प्रातिपदिक) + chīrṇa (कृदन्त from √cī/√śṝ?; here ‘chīrṇa’ = torn/peeled)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural agreeing with ‘vratāni’; तत्पुरुष: त्वचः छीर्णानि = ‘with skin torn/peeled’
mahā-prabhoO great lord
mahā-prabho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + prabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular; कर्मधारय: महान् प्रभुः
kapālama skull-bowl/skull
kapālam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkapāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
gṛhītvāhaving taken
gṛhītvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootgrah (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), avyaya usage; ‘having taken’
yatwhich/that which
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; correlates with ‘tat’
bhrāntamwandered/roamed
bhrāntam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhram (धातु) → bhrānta (कृदन्त)
FormPast active participle (क्त, परस्मैपद-भाव), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; ‘wandered/roamed’
kapāla-vyagra-pāṇināby/with (one) whose hand is occupied with a skull
kapāla-vyagra-pāṇinā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkapāla + vyagra + pāṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; तत्पुरुष (बहुपद): ‘कपालं व्यग्रः (धारयन्) पाणिः यस्य’ → ‘with a hand busy holding a skull’
tatthat
tat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun; Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; correlative to ‘yat’
vratamvow/observance
vratam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvrata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
nagna-kapālam(called) ‘naked-skull’ (observance)
nagna-kapālam:
Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnagna + kapāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular agreeing with ‘vratam’; कर्मधारय: नग्नं कपालं (यत्र/येन)
bhaviṣyatiwill become/will be
bhaviṣyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
FormLuṭ-lakāra (लुट्, periphrastic future), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Singular
nṛṇāmof men/for people
nṛṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
bhuvion earth
bhuvi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

Brahmā

V
Vrata Classification
A
Ascetic Culture
P
Purāṇic Norm-Making
Ś
Śaiva Observance Terminology

FAQs

It exemplifies how Purāṇic texts systematize lived ascetic behaviors into named observances (vrata), offering evidence for the textual codification of religious practices.

No specific location is named; the verse universalizes the practice as something that will exist ‘among humans on earth’ (nṛṇāṃ bhuvi).

The verse frames disciplined observance and self-regulation as a means of aligning extraordinary ascetic conduct with ‘lokamārga’ (world-order).

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