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Varaha Purana 21.1 — Adhyaya 21, Shloka 1

The Disruption of Dakṣa’s Sacrifice, the Hari–Hara Conflict, and the Establishment of Rudra’s Sacrificial Share

महातपा उवाच । पूर्वं प्रजापतिर्देवः सिसृक्षुर्विविधाः प्रजाः । चिन्तयामास धर्मात्मा यदा ता नाध्यगच्छत ॥ २१.२ ॥

mahātapā uvāca | pūrvaṃ prajāpatiḥ devaḥ sisṛkṣur vividhāḥ prajāḥ | cintayāmāsa dharmātmā yadā tā nādhyagacchata || 21.2 ||

మహాతపా అన్నాడు—పూర్వకాలంలో దేవుడైన ప్రజాపతి వివిధ ప్రజలను సృష్టించదలచి, అవి ప్రదర్శింపలేకపోయినప్పుడు, ఆ ధర్మాత్ముడు గాఢంగా ఆలోచించాడు।

mahātapāḥMahātapā (the great ascetic)
mahātapāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya-samāsa (कर्मधारय): 'mahān tapāḥ' (one of great austerity); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
pūrvamformerly, at first
pūrvam:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), Adverb (कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण)
prajāpatiḥPrajāpati
prajāpatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष): 'prajānāṃ patiḥ' (lord of creatures); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
devaḥthe god
devaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); Apposition to 'prajāpatiḥ'
sisṛkṣuḥdesiring to create
sisṛkṣuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Root√sṛj (धातु)
FormDesiderative participle (सन्नन्त/इच्छार्थक; सिसृक्षु), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying 'prajāpatiḥ'
vividhāḥvarious, diverse
vividhāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootvividha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); Viśeṣaṇa of 'prajāḥ'
prajāḥcreatures, beings
prajāḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)
cintayāmāsapondered, reflected
cintayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootcint (धातु)
FormPeriphrastic perfect (लिट्-परस्मैपद; आमास-योग), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
dharmātmāthe righteous-souled one
dharmātmā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi-samāsa (बहुव्रीहि): 'yasya ātmā dharmaḥ saḥ' (whose nature is dharma); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); epithet of Prajāpati
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), Temporal conjunction/adverb (कालवाचक)
tāḥthose (them)
tāḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); refers to 'prajāḥ'
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), Negation particle (निषेध)
adhyagacchatafound, obtained, came upon
adhyagacchata:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootadhi + gam (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (लङ्/Imperfect past), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Mahātapā

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"Observer/neutral; not directly addressed in this verse; implied attentive listener within the Varāha–Bhū dialogue frame.","key_question":"How does creation proceed when Prajāpati’s initial attempt to manifest diverse beings does not succeed?"}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"None","karmic_consequence":"None"}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"cosmogony + ethics of agency","core_concept":"When will/effort does not immediately yield results, the dhārmic creator turns to deep reflection (cintā) rather than disorderly action.","practical_application":"In dharmic decision-making, pause and examine causes/means (upāya) when outcomes fail; cultivate sattvic deliberation before renewed effort."}

Subject Matter: ["Cosmology","Ethics"]

Primary Rasa: śānta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: cosmic/atemporal

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa, adjacent sarga on Prajāpati’s creation and Rudra’s arising (21.21.3ff)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Prajāpati seated in austere stillness, mind turned inward, the cosmos unformed around him—suggesting a suspended moment before the next emanation.","item_prompts":["Prajāpati/Brahmā in meditation","aura of tapas","unmanifest beings as faint silhouettes","lotus-seat or cosmic waters backdrop","scriptural palm-leaf or rosary as contemplation cue"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: Prajāpati with calm śānta face, broad eyes, warm ochres/greens, minimal background suggesting cosmic void, subtle halo of tapas.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore style: central seated Prajāpati with embossed halo, rich reds, gold-leaf aura, minimal attendants, symbolic faint forms of prajā in the background.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style: delicate linework, restrained palette, Prajāpati in quiet contemplation with soft shading and a lotus motif.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari style: serene Himalayan palette, Prajāpati on a lotus with stylized clouds/void, emphasis on contemplative mood and negative space."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"contemplative, cosmogonic","suggested_raga":"Ahir Bhairav","pace":"vilambita (slow)","voice_tone":"steady, inward, lightly resonant"}

C
Classical Literature
P
Purāṇic Narrative
C
Cosmogony
S
Sanskrit Studies

FAQs

It reflects a common Purāṇic cosmogonic pattern in which Prajāpati’s creative intention is followed by deliberation when creation does not immediately manifest, illustrating how later Sanskrit narrative texts frame creation as a process involving intention, effort, and reflection.

No geographic location is named in this verse; it functions as a cosmological preface rather than a sacred-geography notice.

The verse implicitly links dharma with responsible action: even a powerful progenitor is described as dharmātmā and as engaging in thoughtful reflection when an intended outcome is not achieved.

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