Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 40

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Devanagari script

अभ्युत्थानादिकं युक्तमकुर्वन्नतिनिर्भयः । ततो ऽपराधात्क्रुद्धेन महोष्ट्रो नंदिना कृतः

Transliteration

abhyutthānādikaṃ yuktamakurvannatinirbhayaḥ | tato 'parādhātkruddhena mahoṣṭro naṃdinā kṛtaḥ

Translation

అతిగా నిర్భయుడై లేచి గౌరవించడం మొదలైన యథోచిత మర్యాదలను అతడు చేయలేదు. అందువల్ల ఆ అపరాధానికి కోపించిన నంది అతనిని మహా ఒంటెగా మార్చాడు.

Word by Word

• अभ्युत्थानादिकम्: rising up etc. (acts of respect)
• अभ्युत्थानादिकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अभ्युत्थान-आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः/समाहारद्वन्द्वाभासः (अभ्युत्थानं च आदि च → अभ्युत्थानादि)

• युक्तम्: proper/fitting
• युक्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• अकुर्वन्: not doing
• अकुर्वन्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; नकार-पूर्वक निषेध (a-kurvan = not doing)

• अतिनिर्भयः: very fearless/overbold
• अतिनिर्भयः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति-निर्भय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (अतिशयेन निर्भयः)

• ततः: thereupon/therefore
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय/तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (ablatival adverb)

• अपराधात्: because of an offense
• अपराधात्: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपराध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन

• क्रुद्धेन: by the enraged (one)
• क्रुद्धेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (agent descriptor)

• महोष्ट्रः: a great camel
• महोष्ट्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा-उष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् उष्ट्रः)

• नन्दिना: by Nandin
• नन्दिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नन्दिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• कृतः: was made/turned into
• कृतः: Kriya (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Bhairava

Characters & Entities

• Nandi

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

The verse teaches that arrogance and neglect of proper reverence constitute aparādha; in Shaiva understanding, disrespect toward Shiva’s close attendant-devotees (like Nandi) binds the soul (paśu) further in pāśa, while humility supports bhakti and purification.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Nandi is the foremost attendant and gatekeeper of Saguna Shiva’s presence; honoring Nandi symbolizes honoring Shiva’s manifested order (dharma). Disrespect to Shiva’s retinue is treated as disrespect to Shiva and obstructs fruitful Linga-worship.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice respectful observances—standing up, salutation (namaskāra), and humility—before Shiva, the Linga, and Shiva-bhaktas; mentally repeat the Panchakshara “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” to restrain pride and avoid aparādha.