Rig Veda 5.43.4 — Mandala 5, Sukta 43, Mantra 4
Sukta 5.43
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (traditional; verify)
Devata: Soma (process imagery within a broader hymn sequence)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (to be confirmed)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दश क्षिपो युञ्जते बाहू अद्रिं सोमस्य या शमितारा सुहस्ता । मध्वो रसं सुगभस्तिर्गिरिष्ठां चनिश्चदद्दुदुहे शुक्रमंशुः ॥
Transliteration
dáśa kṣípo yuñjate bāhū́ ádrim sómasya yā́ śamitā́rā suhástā | mádhvo rásaṃ sugábhastir giriṣṭhā́ṃ cániścadad duduhe śukrám aṃśúḥ ||
Translation
సోమార్థం పది వేగవంతులు తమ బాహువులను అద్రి (పేషణశిల)కు యోగం చేస్తారు—వారు నిపుణులు, సుహస్త శిల్పులు. మధుమయ రసం నుండి, సుగ్రాహ్యహస్తుడైన అంశు, గిరిష్ఠమైన (పర్వతస్థ) మూలం నుండి ప్రకాశవంతమైన ధారను దోహించి వెలికితీయును; అది ప్రవహిస్తూ తన మార్గంలో నిలిచి నిలిచి సాగుతుంది.
Word by Word
दशten
दश:
विशेषण (संख्या-विशेषण) of क्षिपः
TypeNoun (Numeral)
Rootदशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
क्षिपःhands/arms
क्षिपः:
Kartā (with युञ्जते)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘hand/arm’ in Vedic usage)
युञ्जतेthey yoke / they set to work
युञ्जते:
Kriyā (predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
बाहूthe two arms
बाहू:
Karma (object of युञ्जते)
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
अद्रिम्the stone (press-stone)
अद्रिम्:
Karma (object understood with ‘grasp/press’; linked with सोम-pressing)
TypeNoun
Rootअद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमस्यof Soma
सोमस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of Soma)
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwho/which (fem. pl.)
याः:
Kartā (relative pronoun referring to क्षिपः/हस्ताः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शमितारःthe preparers / arrangers
शमितारः:
Kartā-apposition (to याः / क्षिपः)
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootशमितृ (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from √शम्/√शम् ‘to quiet/prepare’; Vedic: ‘preparers, arrangers’)
सुहस्ताःhaving good hands, deft-handed
सुहस्ताः:
विशेषण (of शमितारः / the hands/agents)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-हस्त (प्रातिपदिक; su + hasta)
मध्वःof sweetness / of honey
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: of honey/sweetness)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
रसम्juice, sap
रसम्:
Karma (object of दुहे)
TypeNoun
Rootरस (प्रातिपदिक)
सुगभस्तिःwith good grasp/hand, strong-handed
सुगभस्तिः:
Kartā (subject of दुहे; epithet of अंशुः)
TypeAdjective (substantival)
Rootसु-गभस्ति (प्रातिपदिक; su + gabhasti ‘hand/forearm, grasp’)
गिरिष्ठाम्mountain-standing, mountain-dwelling
गिरिष्ठाम्:
Karma (object/goal with चनिश्चदत्: ‘reached the mountain-dwelling [one/thing]’)
TypeAdjective
Rootगिरि-स्था (प्रातिपदिक; ‘standing on the mountain’)
चनिश्चदत्he reached / he came to
चनिश्चदत्:
Kriyā (with subject सुगभस्तिः/अंशुः)
TypeVerb
Rootचनि-√सद् (Vedic compound verb; ‘to settle upon, reach, come to’)
दुदुहेhe milked out / drew forth
दुदुहे:
Kriyā (main: ‘milked out’)
TypeVerb
Rootदुह्
शुक्रम्bright, pure
शुक्रम्:
Karma (qualifier/object with implied ‘juice’: bright/pure)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अंशुःthe Soma-stalk / the ray (Soma)
अंशुः:
Kartā (subject of चनिश्चदत्, दुदुहे)
TypeNoun
Rootअंशु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘ray; Soma-stalk/pressed Soma’)
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