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Rig Veda 5.42.1Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.42

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (common attribution for RV 5.42; medium certainty)
Devata: Varuṇa, Mitra, Bhaga, Aditi; and a fivefold priest-power (often Savitṛ/Agni as hearer in interpretive traditions)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; verification recommended)

प्र शंतमा वरुणं दीधिती गीर्मित्रं भगमदितिं नूनमश्याः । पृषद्योनिः पञ्चहोता शृणोत्वतूर्तपन्था असुरो मयोभुः ॥

prá śáṃtamā váruṇaṃ dī́dhitī gī́r mitráṃ bhágam áditiṃ nūnám aśyāḥ | pṛ́ṣadyóniḥ páñcahotā śṛṇótv atū́rtapanthā ásuro mayobhúḥ ||

అత్యంత శాంతిని ప్రసాదించే వాక్కు ముందుకు సాగుతుంది—ఇప్పుడు అది వరుణుడు, మిత్రుడు, భగుడు, అదితిని చేరుగాక. చిత్తరువైన కాంతి-గర్భముగల పంచహోతా శక్తి దానిని వినుగాక—అవరోధరహిత మార్గముగలవాడు, అసురుడు, మా కొరకు మయోభూ, ఆనందదాత.

प्रforth, forward
प्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
शंतमाmost auspicious, most soothing
शंतमा:
Karma (qualifier of गीः)
TypeAdjective
Rootशम् (prātipadika: शन्त- < शम् ‘well-being, peace’)
वरुणम्Varuṇa
वरुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (prātipadika)
दीधिती(my) inspired thought, devotion
दीधिती:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदीधिति (prātipadika; ‘thought/insight, devotion’; from √धा/√धी in Vedic usage)
गीःhymn, song
गीः:
Kartā (apposition to दीधिती)
TypeNoun
Rootगीर्/गीः (prātipadika; ‘song, hymn, speech’)
मित्रम्Mitra
मित्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (prātipadika)
भगम्Bhaga
भगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभग (prātipadika)
अदितिम्Aditi
अदितिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअदिति (prātipadika)
नूनम्now, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम् (indeclinable)
अश्याःmay I attain, may I reach
अश्याः:
— (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√अश् (to reach, attain)
पृषद्योनिḥhaving a speckled seat/origin (epithet)
पृषद्योनिḥ:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (compound epithet)
Rootपृषद्-योनि (compound prātipadika: पृषद् ‘speckled’ + योनि ‘womb/seat/origin’)
पञ्चहोताthe fivefold Hotṛ (five-priestly invoker)
पञ्चहोता:
Kartā (apposition to पृषद्योनिḥ)
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootपञ्च-होतृ (compound prātipadika: पञ्च ‘five’ + होतृ ‘priest/invoker’)
शृणोतुlet him hear
शृणोतु:
— (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (to hear)
अतूर्तपन्थाःwhose path is unhindered
अतूर्तपन्थाः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective (compound epithet)
Rootअ-तूर्त-पन्था (compound prātipadika: अ- ‘not’ + तूर्त ‘hindered/overcome’ + पन्था ‘path’)
असुरःAsura (lordly one)
असुरः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर (prātipadika)
मयोभुःbringing welfare/joy, beneficent
मयोभुः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective (compound epithet)
Rootमयस्-भू (compound prātipadika: मयस् ‘delight, welfare’ + भू ‘being/producing’)
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