Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 46, Shloka 6

षट्चत्वारिंशः सर्गः

Ravana Deploys Five Generals; Hanuman Destroys the Commanders and the Remaining Host

Devanagari script

न ह्यहं तं कपिं मन्ये कर्मणा प्रतितर्कयन्।सर्वथा तन्महद्भूतं महाबलपरिग्रहम्।।।।

Transliteration

na hy ahaṃ taṃ kapiṃ manye karmaṇā pratitarkayan |

sarvathā tan mahadbhūtaṃ mahābalaparigraham ||

Translation

“ఎందుకంటే అతని కర్మలను పదేపదే విచారిస్తే, నేను ఆ వానరుని సామాన్యుడిగా భావించను; అతడు సర్వథా మహాసత్త్వం, అపార బలసంపన్నుడు।”

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Prayojaka particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: हेतौ/अवधारणार्थक निपात (indeed/for)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (nominative), एकवचन (singular)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म) of ‘मन्ये’
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• कपिम्: monkey
• कपिम्: Apposition to ‘तम्’ (समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• मन्ये: I think / consider
• मन्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन (singular), आत्मनेपद

• कर्मणा: by (his) actions
• कर्मणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), तृतीया (instrumental), एकवचन (singular)

• प्रतितर्कयन्: reconsidering / judging repeatedly
• प्रतितर्कयन्: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण) of ‘अहम्’
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-√तर्क् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग

• सर्वथा: in every way / wholly
• सर्वथा: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म) of implied ‘मन्ये’ (object-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• महत्: great
• महत्: Visheshana (विशेषण) of ‘भूतम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• भूतम्: being / creature
• भूतम्: Karma (कर्म) (object-complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular)

• महाबलपरिग्रहम्: endowed with great strength
• महाबलपरिग्रहम्: Visheshana (विशेषण) of ‘भूतम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा-बल-परिग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुषः: महत् बलं परिग्रहः यस्य

Context

"Judging again and again from all actions, I do not think he is an ordinary monkey. He is a being endowed with great strength.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Hanumān (as kapi)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes clear-eyed discernment (viveka): one should evaluate reality from evidence (karma), not from prejudice or arrogance.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa warns his commanders that Hanumān’s actions prove he is no ordinary vānara, but a formidable being.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Pragmatic discernment—recognizing an opponent’s true capacity rather than underestimating him.