Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 3, Shloka 46

लङ्काप्रवेशः

Hanuman Enters Lanka and Encounters Laṅkā-devatā

Devanagari script

इदं तु तथ्यं शृणु वै ब्रुवन्त्या मे हरीश्वर।।।।स्वयंभुवा पुरा दत्तं वरदानं यथा मम।

Transliteration

idaṃ tu tathyaṃ śṛṇu vai bruvantyā me harīśvara | svayaṃbhuvā purā dattaṃ varadānaṃ yathā mama ||

Translation

కానీ హే వానరేశ్వరా, నేను చెప్పుచున్న ఈ సత్యాన్ని వినుము. పూర్వం స్వయంభూ బ్రహ్మ నాకు యథావిధిగా ప్రసాదించిన వరదానమిదే అని నేను పలుకుచున్నాను.

Word by Word

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā/Dvitīyā Ekavacana; here as object with śṛṇu (Dvitīyā)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle (निपात)

• tathyam: truth/fact
• tathyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tathya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; apposition to idam

• śṛṇu: listen
• śṛṇu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ, Madhyama-puruṣa Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, particle (निपात) emphasis

• bruvantyā: while I speak
• bruvantyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Śatṛ (शतृ) present active participle (fem.) from √brū; Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā Ekavacana; ‘by/while (I) speaking’ (instrumental of attendant circumstance)

• me: of me/my
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī (षष्ठी) Ekavacana; enclitic genitive

• harīśvara: O lord of vanaras
• harīśvara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘lord of the monkeys’

• svayaṃbhuvā: by Svayambhū (Brahmā)
• svayaṃbhuvā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: svayaṃbhū (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā Ekavacana; instrumental agent

• purā: formerly
• purā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb of time

• dattam: given
• dattam: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: Kta past passive participle from √dā; Napuṃsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā Ekavacana; agrees with varadānam (predicate/attribute)

• varadānam: a boon
• varadānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara (प्रातिपदिक) + dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘boon-gift’

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, comparative/conjunctive ‘as/according to’

• mama: to me/of me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī Ekavacana; genitive

Context

"O lord of vanaras! in the past Creator Brahma had given me a boon which has come true. I will tell you. listen.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Brahmā (Svayaṃbhū)
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is linked with satya as alignment with a higher order: the speaker frames events as grounded in a truthful divine grant, not mere personal emotion.

What is the narrative situation?

Laṅkā-devatā prepares to reveal a past boon from Brahmā that explains the present turning point.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to truth-telling (tathya-kathana) and recognition of cosmic law over personal pride.