Shloka 21

अयोध्याकाण्डे पञ्चसप्ततितमः सर्गः

Sarga 75: Bharata and Kausalya—Reproach, Oaths, and Reconciliation

Devanagari script

कृता शास्त्रानुगा बुद्धिर्माभूत्तस्य कदाचन।सत्यसन्ध स्सतां श्रेष्ठो यस्याऽर्योऽनुमते गतः।।।।

Transliteration

kṛtā śāstrānugā buddhir mā bhūt tasya kadācana | satyasandhaḥ satāṃ śreṣṭho yasyāryo 'numate gataḥ ||

Translation

శాస్త్రానుగతబుద్ధి కలవాడికి ఎప్పుడూ ఈ భావన కలగకూడదు—“యావరి అనుమతితో నా ఆర్య సహోదరుడు, సత్యసంధుడు, సత్పురుషులలో శ్రేష్ఠుడు, వనవాసానికి వెళ్లాడు” అని।

Word by Word

• कृता: formed; fixed
• कृता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘buddhiḥ’ (‘made/formed; fixed’)

• शास्त्रानुगा: following the scriptures
• शास्त्रानुगा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शास्त्र + अनुग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (शास्त्रस्य अनुगाः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective qualifying ‘buddhiḥ’

• बुद्धिः: thought; intention
• बुद्धिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1/कर्ता), एकवचन; nominative singular

• मा: do not; let not
• मा: Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय; prohibitive particle used with optative/imperative

• भूत्: may it happen
• भूत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ्-प्रयोग (आशीर्लिङ्/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘may it be/happen’ (here with ‘mā’ = ‘may it not happen’)

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; genitive singular ‘of him’

• कदाचन: at any time
• कदाचन: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचन (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय; adverb ‘ever/at any time’

• सत्यसन्धः: true to his vow
• सत्यसन्धः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्य + सन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (सत्ये सन्धः/सन्धि:); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; adjective (also substantive)

• सताम्: of the virtuous
• सताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; genitive plural ‘of the virtuous’

• श्रेष्ठः: best
• श्रेष्ठः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; superlative adjective qualifying ‘āryaḥ’

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन; relative pronoun ‘whose’

• आर्यः: the noble one (Rāma)
• आर्यः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; nominative singular (Rāma)

• अनुमते: with approval
• अनुमते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुमति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7/अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular ‘with the consent/approval’

• गतः: gone; exiled
• गतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; past participle ‘gone’ (context: ‘sent away/exiled’)

Context

Did not the one who counselled the banishment of my noble brother who is steadfast and bound by truth and virtue, ever adhered to scriptures?(or)My noble brother (Rama), the best among the virtuous, bound to truth, is banished. Let not such thought occur at any time to one who steadfastly adheres to scriptures!

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kausalyā
• Rāma (ārya, satyasandha)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

A śāstra-aligned conscience should not entertain complicity in adharma; Bharata frames truth-bound Rāma as the ethical standard and rejects any association with his unjust exile.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata, defending himself, invokes śāstric morality and rejects the idea that he approved of Rāma’s banishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s satya (truth-steadfastness) and Bharata’s dhārmic conscience shaped by śāstra.